Spatial distributions of airborne transmission risk on commuter buses: Numerical case study using computational fluid and particle dynamics with computer-simulated persons.

IF 4.2 2区 工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS
Sung-Jun Yoo, Akira Kurokawa, Kazuhiko Matsunaga, Kazuhide Ito
{"title":"Spatial distributions of airborne transmission risk on commuter buses: Numerical case study using computational fluid and particle dynamics with computer-simulated persons.","authors":"Sung-Jun Yoo,&nbsp;Akira Kurokawa,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Matsunaga,&nbsp;Kazuhide Ito","doi":"10.1007/s42757-022-0146-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commuter buses have a high passenger density relative to the interior cabin volume, and it is difficult to maintain a physical/social distance in terms of airborne transmission control. Therefore, it is important to quantitatively investigate the impact of ventilation and air-conditioning in the cabin on the airborne transmission risk for passengers. In this study, comprehensive coupled numerical simulations using computational fluid and particle dynamics (CFPD) and computer-simulated persons (CSPs) were performed to investigate the heterogeneous spatial distribution of the airborne transmission risk in a commuter bus environment under two types of layouts of the ventilation system and two types of passenger densities. Through a series of particle transmission analysis and infection risk assessment in this study, it was revealed that the layout of the supply inlet/exhaust outlet openings of a heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system has a significant impact on the particle dispersion characteristics inside the bus cabin, and higher infection risks were observed near the single exhaust outlet in the case of higher passenger density. The integrated analysis of CFPD and CSPs in a commuter bus cabin revealed that the airborne transmission risk formed significant heterogeneous spatial distributions, and the changes in air-conditioning conditions had a certain impact on the risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":53125,"journal":{"name":"Experimental and Computational Multiphase Flow","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9912221/pdf/","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Experimental and Computational Multiphase Flow","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42757-022-0146-6","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/2/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MECHANICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4

Abstract

Commuter buses have a high passenger density relative to the interior cabin volume, and it is difficult to maintain a physical/social distance in terms of airborne transmission control. Therefore, it is important to quantitatively investigate the impact of ventilation and air-conditioning in the cabin on the airborne transmission risk for passengers. In this study, comprehensive coupled numerical simulations using computational fluid and particle dynamics (CFPD) and computer-simulated persons (CSPs) were performed to investigate the heterogeneous spatial distribution of the airborne transmission risk in a commuter bus environment under two types of layouts of the ventilation system and two types of passenger densities. Through a series of particle transmission analysis and infection risk assessment in this study, it was revealed that the layout of the supply inlet/exhaust outlet openings of a heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system has a significant impact on the particle dispersion characteristics inside the bus cabin, and higher infection risks were observed near the single exhaust outlet in the case of higher passenger density. The integrated analysis of CFPD and CSPs in a commuter bus cabin revealed that the airborne transmission risk formed significant heterogeneous spatial distributions, and the changes in air-conditioning conditions had a certain impact on the risk.

通勤巴士空气传播风险的空间分布:使用计算机模拟人员的计算流体和粒子动力学的数值案例研究。
通勤巴士的乘客密度相对于车厢内部的体积较高,并且在空气传播控制方面很难保持物理/社交距离。因此,定量研究客舱通风和空调对乘客空气传播风险的影响很重要。在本研究中,使用计算流体和粒子动力学(CFPD)和计算机模拟人(CSP)进行了综合耦合数值模拟,以研究在两种通风系统布局和两种乘客密度下通勤巴士环境中空气传播风险的非均匀空间分布。通过本研究中的一系列颗粒物传播分析和感染风险评估,发现供暖、通风和空调(HVAC)系统的进风口/出风口的布局对客车车厢内的颗粒物扩散特性有显著影响,在乘客密度较高的情况下,在单个排气口附近观察到较高的感染风险。对通勤客车车厢内CFPD和CSP的综合分析表明,空气传播风险形成显著的异质性空间分布,空调条件的变化对风险有一定影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
32.30%
发文量
0
期刊介绍: Experimental and Computational Multiphase Flow is a peer-reviewed international academic journal that publishes research papers and significant review articles on multiphase flows. Focuses on transport phenomena of mass, momentum, and heat from theoretical, experimental, and computational perspectives. Publishes scholarly research papers, invited review articles, brief communications, letters, and comments on previously published papers. Covers a broad scope including interface interaction, multiphase dynamics, heat transfers, phase changes, and more. Fields of application include nuclear, chemical, petroleum, environmental, mineral, pharmaceutical, bio-mechanical, and mechanical engineering.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信