Bone health and menopause: Osteoporosis prevention and treatment

IF 6.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Tobie J. de Villiers MBChB, MMED (O&), FCOG (SA), FRCOG (Consultant Gynaecologist)
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A continuous process of bone turnover is central to bone health and strength. If bone resorption exceeds bone formation, bone strength deteriorates with resultant fractures. Osteoporosis is defined by a fracture or bone mineral density. The lack of ovarian estrogen after menopause causes a significant loss in bone strength, placing women at higher risk of osteoporosis. The probability of future fractures can be calculated by identifying risk factors in all menopausal women. Preventive action starts with a bone-friendly lifestyle. The need for and type of interventive medication can best be determined by classifying fracture risk as low, high, or very high using a combination of fracture history, bone mineral density, 10-year fracture probability or country-specific values. As osteoporosis is an incurable disease, treatment should be seen as a lifelong strategy consisting of the correct sequencing of available bone-specific drugs and appropriate drug-free periods when applicable.

骨骼健康与更年期骨质疏松症的预防和治疗
持续的骨转换过程是骨骼健康和强度的核心。如果骨吸收超过骨形成,骨强度就会下降,从而导致骨折。骨质疏松症的定义是骨折或骨矿物质密度。绝经后卵巢雌激素的缺乏会导致骨强度显著下降,使女性患骨质疏松症的风险更高。通过识别所有更年期女性的风险因素,可以计算出未来发生骨折的概率。预防措施从对骨骼有益的生活方式开始。根据骨折史、骨质密度、10 年骨折概率或特定国家的数值,将骨折风险分为低、高或极高,从而确定是否需要干预性药物以及干预性药物的类型。由于骨质疏松症是一种无法治愈的疾病,因此应将治疗视为一种终身策略,包括正确安排现有骨质特异性药物的使用顺序,并在适当的情况下安排适当的无药期。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism is a serial publication that integrates the latest original research findings into evidence-based review articles. These articles aim to address key clinical issues related to diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. Each issue adopts a problem-oriented approach, focusing on key questions and clearly outlining what is known while identifying areas for future research. Practical management strategies are described to facilitate application to individual patients. The series targets physicians in practice or training.
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