{"title":"Calcium Carbonate in Waste Flooring for Neutralization of Acid Rock Drainage.","authors":"Lauren Bram, Bethany Klemetsrud","doi":"10.1007/s10230-023-00926-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acid rock drainage (ARD) was successfully neutralized in this study using carpet tiles. Most polyolefin-based carpet tiles contain over 65% of finely ground calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) powder by weight in the compound-blended and extruded backing structure; therefore, using them for neutralization is an innovative way to reuse a difficult-to-recycle complex and abundant product. The overall neutralization efficiency potential was calculated at 40% based on the density, purity, and surface images that display the domains of CaCO<sub>3</sub> on the tiles. The carpet backing increased the mean of proton activity of AMD collected from a single acidic stream point within the Pinkerton Run tributary near Pittsburgh, PA from 3.3 to 6.1 over the span of four hours in batch-method experiments at CaCO<sub>3</sub> loading levels of 0.1 g/L and overall surface area exposure of 229 mm<sup>2</sup>/mL. Hot acidity levels decreased from 90 to less than 10 mg CaCO<sub>3</sub>/L, and below detection limits after 20 h of neutralization. The treated and neutralized AMD sample contained 80 mg/L more calcium than the untreated, non-neutralized control, demonstrating the dissolution of CaCO<sub>3</sub> from the carpet tile.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9925920/pdf/","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-023-00926-6","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Acid rock drainage (ARD) was successfully neutralized in this study using carpet tiles. Most polyolefin-based carpet tiles contain over 65% of finely ground calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder by weight in the compound-blended and extruded backing structure; therefore, using them for neutralization is an innovative way to reuse a difficult-to-recycle complex and abundant product. The overall neutralization efficiency potential was calculated at 40% based on the density, purity, and surface images that display the domains of CaCO3 on the tiles. The carpet backing increased the mean of proton activity of AMD collected from a single acidic stream point within the Pinkerton Run tributary near Pittsburgh, PA from 3.3 to 6.1 over the span of four hours in batch-method experiments at CaCO3 loading levels of 0.1 g/L and overall surface area exposure of 229 mm2/mL. Hot acidity levels decreased from 90 to less than 10 mg CaCO3/L, and below detection limits after 20 h of neutralization. The treated and neutralized AMD sample contained 80 mg/L more calcium than the untreated, non-neutralized control, demonstrating the dissolution of CaCO3 from the carpet tile.