Phytochemicals and Nanoparticles in the Modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Kinases and its Implications in the Development and Progression of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.
{"title":"Phytochemicals and Nanoparticles in the Modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Kinases and its Implications in the Development and Progression of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.","authors":"Arunaksharan Narayanankutty, Sreelakshmi Nambiattil, Sreeshna Mannarakkal","doi":"10.2174/1574892817666220606104712","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal cancer are the major form of cancer in developing countries, which comprises gastric cancer (GC), hepatic cancer (HCC), colorectal cancers (CRC), etc.; they account for a large number of cancer-related deaths globally. Gastrointestinal cancers generally have a multifactorial origin, where both genetic and dietary factors play prominent roles. PI3K/Akt signaling is the prime signaling pathway associated with the Phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present review aims to summarize the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on the different events of gastrointestinal cancers, such as proliferation, survival, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance and stem cell properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature collection has been done using the appropriate keywords from Pub- Med/Medline, Scopus, Web of science, or Eurekaselect. The details of individual types of cancers were selected by giving respective keywords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PI3K signaling pathway is important in various gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and progression events; the pathway is involved in proliferation, survival, metastasis, and drug resistance. Several natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have been shown to inhibit PI3K signaling and its downstream regulatory elements, subsequently resulting in anticancer and anti-metastatic activity. Although numerous preclinical evidences are available, conclusive clinical reports are lacking on the anticancer aspects of PI3K inhibitors in gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phytochemicals are promising drug candidates for targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway in various gastrointestinal cancer treatments. However, there is a need for extensive clinical studies to ascertain the commercial value of anticancer therapeutic compounds against cancers of the stomach, liver, and intestine.</p>","PeriodicalId":20774,"journal":{"name":"Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574892817666220606104712","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal cancer are the major form of cancer in developing countries, which comprises gastric cancer (GC), hepatic cancer (HCC), colorectal cancers (CRC), etc.; they account for a large number of cancer-related deaths globally. Gastrointestinal cancers generally have a multifactorial origin, where both genetic and dietary factors play prominent roles. PI3K/Akt signaling is the prime signaling pathway associated with the Phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway.
Objectives: The present review aims to summarize the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on the different events of gastrointestinal cancers, such as proliferation, survival, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance and stem cell properties.
Methods: Literature collection has been done using the appropriate keywords from Pub- Med/Medline, Scopus, Web of science, or Eurekaselect. The details of individual types of cancers were selected by giving respective keywords.
Results: PI3K signaling pathway is important in various gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and progression events; the pathway is involved in proliferation, survival, metastasis, and drug resistance. Several natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have been shown to inhibit PI3K signaling and its downstream regulatory elements, subsequently resulting in anticancer and anti-metastatic activity. Although numerous preclinical evidences are available, conclusive clinical reports are lacking on the anticancer aspects of PI3K inhibitors in gastric cancer.
Conclusion: Phytochemicals are promising drug candidates for targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway in various gastrointestinal cancer treatments. However, there is a need for extensive clinical studies to ascertain the commercial value of anticancer therapeutic compounds against cancers of the stomach, liver, and intestine.
背景:胃肠道癌症是发展中国家的主要癌症形式，包括胃癌(GC)、肝癌(HCC)、结直肠癌(CRC)等;它们在全球范围内造成了大量与癌症相关的死亡。胃肠道癌症通常有多因素的起源，其中遗传和饮食因素都起着重要作用。PI3K/Akt信号通路是与磷酸肌醇-3激酶/蛋白激酶B信号通路相关的主要信号通路。目的:本文旨在综述PI3K/Akt信号通路在胃肠道肿瘤的增殖、存活、转移、血管生成、耐药和干细胞特性等不同事件中的作用。方法:使用Pub- Med/Medline、Scopus、Web of science或Eurekaselect中合适的关键词进行文献收集。通过给出相应的关键词来选择每种癌症的详细信息。结果:PI3K信号通路在多种胃肠道癌变和进展事件中起重要作用;该通路参与增殖、生存、转移和耐药。一些天然植物化学物质及其衍生物已被证明可以抑制PI3K信号及其下游调控元件，从而产生抗癌和抗转移活性。虽然有大量的临床前证据，但缺乏关于PI3K抑制剂在胃癌中的抗癌作用的结论性临床报告。结论:植物化学物质是靶向PI3K/mTOR通路治疗多种胃肠道肿瘤的有希望的候选药物。然而，有必要进行广泛的临床研究，以确定抗癌治疗化合物对胃癌、肝癌和肠癌的商业价值。
期刊介绍：
Aims & Scope
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery publishes review and research articles that reflect or deal with studies in relation to a patent, application of reported patents in a study, discussion of comparison of results regarding application of a given patent, etc., and also guest edited thematic issues on recent patents in the field of anti-cancer drug discovery e.g. on novel bioactive compounds, analogs, targets & predictive biomarkers & drug efficacy biomarkers. The journal also publishes book reviews of eBooks and books on anti-cancer drug discovery. A selection of important and recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery is also included in the journal. The journal is essential reading for all researchers involved in anti-cancer drug design and discovery. The journal also covers recent research (where patents have been registered) in fast emerging therapeutic areas/targets & therapeutic agents related to anti-cancer drug discovery.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
