West Nile Virus-Induced Drop in Egg Production in Commercial Pekin Duck Breeders.

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Mayra F Tsoi, Richard M Fulton
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A sudden drop in egg production in commercial poultry flocks can be economically devastating, and rapid identification of the cause often requires a combined effort between the producer, veterinarian, and pathologist. In September 2019, a 35-wk-old commercial Pekin breeder duck flock in Indiana suffered a drop in egg production from 1700 to 1000 eggs daily (41.2% drop). Again, in September 2021, three Pekin breeder duck flocks aged 32, 58, and 62 wk from the same company suffered a similar drop in egg production, with a mild increase in weekly mortality of 1.0% to 2.5%. In 2019 and in 2021, birds from affected flocks were submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Michigan State University for postmortem examination. Common gross examination findings included flaccid, shrunken, or atrophied ova (all hens), pododermatitis, airsacculitis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, ascites, and pallor of the left ventricle. Histopathologic examination of cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem revealed mild lymphocytic perivascular cuffing, vasculitis, and gliosis, suggesting viral encephalitis. In the heart, there was mild multifocal cardiomyocyte necrosis, mineralization, and infiltration by lymphocytes and macrophages. PCR for Newcastle disease virus, avian influenza virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus (WNV) was performed. Brain and heart samples were positive for WNV by PCR, and WNV antigen was detected in the cerebellum by immunohistochemistry. This is the first report to associate WNV infection with a drop in egg production in waterfowl, which are known to be important reservoir species for WNV and, as such, are generally asymptomatic.

西尼罗病毒导致北京鸭商业种鸭产蛋量下降。
商业禽群的产蛋量突然下降可能造成经济上的破坏,迅速查明原因往往需要生产者、兽医和病理学家共同努力。2019年9月,印第安纳州一个35周龄的北京商业种鸭群的产蛋量从每天1700只下降到1000只(下降41.2%)。同样,在2021年9月,同一公司的三只32、58和62周龄的北京种鸭群的产蛋量也出现了类似的下降,周死亡率略有上升,为1.0%至2.5%。2019年和2021年,来自受感染禽群的鸟类被提交给密歇根州立大学兽医诊断实验室进行尸检。常见的大体检查结果包括卵巢松弛、萎缩或萎缩(所有母鸡)、足皮炎、气囊炎、肝肿大、脾肿大、腹水和左心室苍白。大脑、小脑和脑干的组织病理学检查显示轻度淋巴细胞血管周围弯曲、血管炎和胶质瘤,提示病毒性脑炎。心脏有轻度多灶性心肌细胞坏死、矿化、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润。对新城疫病毒、禽流感病毒、东部马脑炎病毒和西尼罗病毒(WNV)进行PCR检测。PCR检测脑组织和心脏标本WNV阳性,免疫组化检测小脑WNV抗原。这是第一个将西尼罗河病毒感染与水禽产蛋量下降联系起来的报告,已知水禽是西尼罗河病毒的重要宿主物种,因此通常是无症状的。
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来源期刊
Avian Diseases
Avian Diseases 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
80
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Avian Diseases is an international journal dedicated to publishing original basic or clinical research of the highest quality from various disciplines including microbiology, immunology, pathology and epidemiology. Papers on avian diseases relevant to etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and control are accepted. Manuscripts dealing with avian species other than poultry will be considered only if the subject is relevant to poultry health.
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