The Conventional Head Impulse Test Versus the Suppression Head Impulse Test: A Clinical Comparative Study.

Abstract

Background: The suppression head impulse test is a new paradigm of the head impulse test, recently introduced for clinical use. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of the suppression head impulse paradigm in evaluating vestibular function.

Methods: This comparative study was conducted from June 2020 to June 2022. The ears of the participants were divided into 2 groups: (i) ears with vestibular weakness and (ii) healthy controls. All participants underwent video head impulse tests at the time of presentation with both conventional head impulse paradigm and suppression head impulse paradigm, performed by the same examiner. The results of the 2 tests were compared, and the correlation between the corresponding parameters obtained (vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and saccades) was examined.

Results: Ninety-five participants were included in the study (190 ears) with a mean age of 42.2 ± 12.6 years. Forty-six ears had vestibular weakness, and 144 were healthy controls. The suppression head impulse paradigm test showed a significantly lower vestibulo-ocular reflex gain than the head impulse paradigm in both groups. A positive correlation emerged between the vestibulo-ocular reflex gain measured with both paradigms. Regarding the saccades, a negative correlation was observed between the overt saccades latency and amplitude measured with both paradigms.

Conclusion: The new suppression head impulse paradigm complements the head impulse paradigm for a better evaluation of the vestibular function. The inconsistency of covert saccades in suppression head impulse paradigm makes it superior to head impulse paradigm in measuring vestibulo-ocular reflex gain, especially in patients with vestibular loss.