Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) of Angiotensin-Converting Enzymes (ACE1 and ACE2): A Plausible Explanation for the Global Variation in COVID-19 Prevalence.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
Saad Mahjub Atiku, Dennis Kasozi, Katrina Campbell
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: Although it is common knowledge that the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) and other viral infections have an uneven impact globally, the reasons for this are still indistinct. The absence of equivalent capacities worldwide in screening, testing, and reporting of cases is one of the ideas put forward to explain this discrepancy. The molecular developments are noteworthy, particularly the role played by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ACEs (ACE1 and ACE2). The virus can enter the host cell thanks to the transmembrane protein ACE2, which is a homolog of ACE1.

Objectives: With a focus on the I/D genotype of ACE1 and the rs2285666 SNV of ACE2, we elucidated the prevalence of SNPs in ACE1 and ACE2 in various geographic locations. We examined the relationship between these SNPs and the global patterns of COVID-19 prevalence.

Methods: 66 of the 127 articles obtained using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google directly conformed to the search terms; geographical distribution of viral infections, the prevalence of COVID-19, ACE1, ACE2, SNPs, and prevalence of the DD genotype, and rs2285666.

Results: The DD genotype of ACE1 and the rs2285666 SNV of ACE2 are vital in their gene expression and contribute greatly to viral disease susceptibility, development, and severity. There was generally a high prevalence of the DD genotype in Europe and America, where COVID-19 had a more devastating effect than in Asia and Africa. The prevalence of the SNV rs2285666 varied in the following order: East Asia> South Asia >America>Europe >Africa. However, there were conflicting agreements in the association of rs2285666 with COVID-19 susceptibility and prevalence.

Conclusion: The ACE1 DD genotype and COVID-19 prevalence have been positively linked in a number of studies. The ACE2 rs2285666 SNV, however, has yielded no definitive results. To determine the relationship between these SNVs and COVID-19 incidence, more research is required.

Abstract Image

血管紧张素转换酶(ACE1和ACE2)的单核苷酸变异(SNVs):对COVID-19全球流行变化的合理解释
背景:虽然2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)和其他病毒感染在全球范围内的影响不均衡是众所周知的,但其原因尚不清楚。世界各地在筛查、检测和报告病例方面缺乏相应的能力,这是解释这一差异的观点之一。分子的发展值得注意,特别是单核苷酸多态性(snp)在ace (ACE1和ACE2)中所起的作用。病毒可以进入宿主细胞,这要归功于ACE2跨膜蛋白,它是ACE1的同源物。目的:以ACE1的I/D基因型和ACE2的rs2285666 SNV为重点,阐明ACE1和ACE2 snp在不同地理位置的流行情况。我们研究了这些snp与COVID-19全球流行模式之间的关系。方法:通过PubMed、Google Scholar和Google获得的127篇文章中,66篇直接符合搜索条件;病毒感染的地理分布、COVID-19的流行、ACE1、ACE2、snp和DD基因型的流行以及rs2285666。结果:ACE1的DD基因型和ACE2的rs2285666 SNV在其基因表达中起着至关重要的作用,对病毒疾病的易感性、发展和严重程度起着重要作用。DD基因型在欧洲和美洲普遍较高流行,在这些地区,COVID-19的破坏性影响大于亚洲和非洲。rs2285666的流行程度依次为东亚>南亚>美洲>欧洲>非洲。然而,rs2285666与COVID-19易感性和患病率之间的关系存在矛盾。结论:在多项研究中,ACE1 DD基因型与COVID-19患病率呈正相关。然而,ACE2 rs2285666 SNV没有产生明确的结果。为了确定这些snv与COVID-19发病率之间的关系,需要进行更多的研究。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: JRAAS is a peer-reviewed, open access journal, serving as a resource for biomedical professionals, primarily with an active interest in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in humans and other mammals. It publishes original research and reviews on the normal and abnormal function of this system and its pharmacology and therapeutics, mostly in a cardiovascular context but including research in all areas where this system is present, including the brain, lungs and gastro-intestinal tract.
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