Testing the stability of a family resilience model at 2 and 5 years after traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury: A longitudinal study

IF 3.9 3区 医学 Q1 REHABILITATION
Malcolm Ikin Anderson , Bamini Gopinath , Kate Fiona Jones , Peter Morey , Grahame Kenneth Simpson
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Recent studies have tested models of resilience and caregiver adjustment in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI). Few studies have examined the role of adaptive variables over time.

Objective

Conduct a longitudinal study to test a model of caregiver resilience with caregiver outcomes at 2- and 5-years post-injury.

Method

Caregivers of relatives with TBI or SCI were surveyed at 2 years (Time 1) and 5 years (Time 2) post-injury. Stability of the resilience model across the 2 time-points was tested using structural equation modeling with multi-group analysis. Measures included resilience related variables (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Herth Hope Scale, Social Support Survey) and outcome variables (Caregiver Burden Scale, General Health Questionnaire-28, Medical Outcome Study Short Form -36 [SF-36] and Positive and Negative Affect Scale).

Results

In total, 100 caregivers were surveyed at both 2 and 5 years (TBI =77, SCI =23). Scores for resilience (Time 1, 75.9 SD 10.6; Time 2, 71.5 SD 12.6) and self-efficacy (Time 1, 32.51 SD 3.85; Time 2, 31.66 SD 4.28) showed significant minor declines, with other variables remaining stable. The resilience model for the pooled responses (Time 1+ Time 2) demonstrated a good fit (Goodness of Fit Index [GFI] = 0.971; Incremental Fit Index [IFI] = 0.986; Tucker-Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.971; Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.985 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA] = 0.051). Multi-group analysis then compared Time 1 to Time 2 responses and found that a variant (compared to invariant) model best fitted the data, with social support having stronger associations with mental health and positive affect at Time 2 than Time 1. Hope reduced from Time 1 to Time 2.

Conclusions

The model suggests that resilience-related variables can play an important role in positive caregiver adjustment over time.

在创伤性脑损伤或脊髓损伤后2年和5年测试家庭恢复力模型的稳定性:一项纵向研究。
背景:最近的研究测试了创伤性脑损伤(TBI)或脊髓损伤(SCI)患者的恢复力和照顾者调整模型。很少有研究考察适应变量随时间变化的作用。目的:进行一项纵向研究,以测试受伤后2年和5年的护理人员复原力模型和护理人员结果。方法:在受伤后2岁(时间1)和5年(时间2)对患有TBI或SCI的亲属的护理人员进行调查。使用结构方程建模和多组分析测试了弹性模型在2个时间点上的稳定性。测量包括复原力相关变量(康纳·戴维森复原力量表、一般自我效能感量表、赫思希望量表、社会支持调查)和结果变量(护理人员负担量表、普通健康问卷-28、医疗结果研究简表-36[SF-36]和积极和消极情绪量表),在2岁和5岁时对100名护理人员进行了调查(TBI=77,SCI=23)。恢复力(时间1,75.9 SD 10.6;时间2,71.5 SD 12.6)和自我效能(时间1、32.51 SD 3.85;时间2、31.66 SD 4.28)的得分显示出显著的轻微下降,其他变量保持稳定。集合反应的弹性模型(时间1+时间2)显示出良好的拟合性(拟合优度指数[GFI]=0.971;增量拟合指数[IFI]=0.986;Tucker Lewis指数[TLI]=0.917;比较拟合指数[CFI]=0.985和近似均方根误差[RMSEA]=0.051)。然后,多组分析比较时间1和时间2的反应,发现(与不变量相比)模型最适合数据,与时间1相比,时间2的社会支持与心理健康和积极影响的关联更强。希望从时间1减少到时间2。结论:该模型表明,随着时间的推移,恢复力相关变量在积极的照顾者调整中发挥着重要作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
4.30%
发文量
136
审稿时长
34 days
期刊介绍: Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine covers all areas of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine; such as: methods of evaluation of motor, sensory, cognitive and visceral impairments; acute and chronic musculoskeletal disorders and pain; disabilities in adult and children ; processes of rehabilitation in orthopaedic, rhumatological, neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary and urological diseases.
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