Prevalence of depression and anxiety, and associated factors, among Chinese primary and high school students: A cross-sectional, epidemiological study

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Asia‐Pacific Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI:10.1111/appy.12523

Yanjie Yu MD, PhD, Jiaxiu Liu MD, Norbert Skokauskas MD, PhD, Feng Liu PhD, Li Zhang MD, Teng Teng MD, PhD, Yaru Zou MD, Qian Lyu MD, Rong Liu MD, Xinyue Liu MD, Huaqing Meng MD, Xinyu Zhou MD, PhD

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Introduction

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and associated factors, among Chinese children and adolescents aged 8–18 years who attend primary or high school.

Methods

A total of 23 005 primary and high school students were recruited from February to December, 2019 for this cross-sectional study. The questionnaire included demographic information, questions assessing suicidality, resilience, depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children), and anxiety (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders). Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent correlates of depression and anxiety.

Results

Overall, 13.06% of participants experienced depressive symptoms, 22.34% experienced anxiety symptoms, 26.34% experienced transient suicidal ideation, 2.23% had serious suicidal ideation, and 1.46% had a history of suicide attempts. Anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 4.935; 95% confidence interval [CI][4.442–5.485]), suicidality (OR, 2.671; 95% CI[2.203–3.237]), skipping breakfast (OR, 1.920; 95% CI[1.348–2.736]), sleep duration (OR, 0.470; 95% CI[0.398–0.556]) and self-expectations (OR, 1.924; 95% CI[1.550–2.389]) were associated with depression (all p < .05). Depression (OR, 4.424; 95% CI[3.983–4.914]), female sex (OR, 1.903; 95% CI[1.759–2.060]), school-based traumatic experience(s) (OR, 1.905; 95% CI[1.747–2.077]), relationships with teachers (OR, 1.575; 95% CI[1.103–2.249]), and suicidality (OR, 1.467; 95% CI[1.218–1.766]) were associated with anxiety symptoms (all p < .05).

Discussion

Depression and anxiety are common among school-age children and adolescents in China. Childhood school- and family-based traumatic experience(s), female sex, and lifestyle factors (eating breakfast, sleep duration, exercising, and Internet use) are significantly associated with mental health among children and adolescents. Developing interventions targeting these factors to protect students from depression and anxiety are needed.

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中国中小学生抑郁、焦虑患病率及其相关因素:一项横断面流行病学研究

本研究旨在调查中国8-18岁中小学儿童和青少年抑郁和焦虑的患病率及其相关因素。方法于2019年2月至12月对23 005名中小学生进行横断面研究。问卷包括人口统计信息、评估自杀倾向、恢复力、抑郁(儿童流行病学研究中心抑郁量表)和焦虑(儿童焦虑相关障碍筛查)的问题。采用二元logistic回归分析抑郁与焦虑的独立相关因素。结果总体而言，13.06%的参与者有抑郁症状，22.34%有焦虑症状，26.34%有过一过自杀意念，2.23%有严重自杀意念，1.46%有自杀企图史。焦虑(优势比[OR]， 4.935;95%可信区间[CI][4.442-5.485])、自杀倾向(OR, 2.671;95% CI[2.203-3.237])，不吃早餐(OR, 1.920;95% CI[1.348-2.736])、睡眠时间(OR, 0.470;95% CI[0.398-0.556])和自我期望(OR, 1.924;95% CI[1.550-2.389])与抑郁症相关(均p < 0.05)。抑郁症(OR, 4.424;95% CI[3.983-4.914])，女性(OR, 1.903;95% CI[1.759-2.060])、学校创伤经历(OR, 1.905;95% CI[1.747-2.077])，与教师的关系(OR, 1.575;95% CI[1.103-2.249])和自杀倾向(OR, 1.467;95% CI[1.218-1.766])与焦虑症状相关(均p < 0.05)。抑郁和焦虑在中国学龄儿童和青少年中很常见。儿童期学校和家庭创伤经历、女性性别和生活方式因素(吃早餐、睡眠时间、锻炼和使用互联网)与儿童和青少年的心理健康显著相关。需要针对这些因素制定干预措施，以保护学生免受抑郁和焦虑的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asia‐Pacific Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Asia-Pacific Psychiatry is an international psychiatric journal focused on the Asia and Pacific Rim region, and is the official journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrics. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry enables psychiatric and other mental health professionals in the region to share their research, education programs and clinical experience with a larger international readership. The journal offers a venue for high quality research for and from the region in the face of minimal international publication availability for authors concerned with the region. This includes findings highlighting the diversity in psychiatric behaviour, treatment and outcome related to social, ethnic, cultural and economic differences of the region. The journal publishes peer-reviewed articles and reviews, as well as clinically and educationally focused papers on regional best practices. Images, videos, a young psychiatrist''s corner, meeting reports, a journal club and contextual commentaries differentiate this journal from existing main stream psychiatry journals that are focused on other regions, or nationally focused within countries of Asia and the Pacific Rim.