Preservation of long-term memory in older adults using a spaced learning paradigm.

IF 3.7 2区 社会学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY
Michelle Caffrey, Sean Commins
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

How much information we retain depends on type/schedule of training. It has been widely acknowledged that spaced learning is advantageous compared to massed learning for cognitively healthy young adults and should be considered an educational standard. Literature would suggest that the spacing effect is preserved with age, though it is unclear whether this effect translates to more ecologically valid concepts such as face-name associations, which are particularly susceptible to deterioration with age. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of spacing across recent/remote retention intervals, and the effect of age on spacing in cognitively healthy older adults using the Face-Name Pairs task. Experiment 1 results suggest that the beneficial memory effects of spacing are particularly observed with long-term memory. Experiment 2 results suggest that older adults are impaired at learning compared to younger adults, that the spacing effect influences both older and younger adults at longer intervals, and that spaced-trained participants display similar forgetting patterns at longer intervals, irrespective of age. These results may have some implications regarding improving the conditions under which optimum retention occurs (namely, whether spacing is beneficial when learning ecologically valid concepts at longer intervals outside of laboratory settings), and may provide insight into the effect of age on our ability to learn and remember face-name associations.

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使用间隔学习范式的老年人长期记忆保存。
我们保留多少信息取决于培训的类型和时间表。人们普遍认为,对于认知健康的年轻人来说,间隔学习比集体学习更有利,应该被视为一种教育标准。文献表明,间隔效应随着年龄的增长而保持不变,尽管尚不清楚这种效应是否转化为更生态有效的概念,如面孔-名字关联,这些概念尤其容易随着年龄的增长而退化。本研究采用面孔-姓名对任务,对认知健康的老年人进行了两项实验,研究了最近/远程记忆间隔对记忆间隔的影响,以及年龄对记忆间隔的影响。实验1的结果表明,间隔的有益记忆效应在长期记忆中尤其明显。实验2的结果表明,与年轻人相比,老年人的学习能力受损,间隔效应对老年人和年轻人的影响时间间隔更长,间隔训练的参与者在更长的时间间隔内表现出相似的遗忘模式,而与年龄无关。这些结果可能对改善最佳记忆发生的条件有一些启示(即,当在实验室环境外以较长的间隔学习生态有效概念时,间隔是否有益),并可能为年龄对我们学习和记忆面孔-名字关联能力的影响提供见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
7.90%
发文量
72
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Ageing: Social, Behavioural and Health Perspectives is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the understanding of ageing in European societies and the world over. EJA publishes original articles on the social, behavioral and population health aspects of ageing and encourages an integrated approach between these aspects. Emphasis is put on publishing empirical research (including meta-analyses), but conceptual papers (including narrative reviews) and methodological contributions will also be considered. EJA welcomes expert opinions on critical issues in ageing. By stimulating communication between researchers and those using research findings, it aims to contribute to the formulation of better policies and the development of better practice in serving older adults. To further specify, with the term ''social'' is meant the full scope of social science of ageing related research from the micro to the macro level of analysis. With the term ''behavioural'' the full scope of psychological ageing research including life span approaches based on a range of age groups from young to old is envisaged. The term ''population health-related'' denotes social-epidemiological and public health oriented research including research on functional health in the widest possible sense.
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