Determination and quantification of capsaicin-type compounds in forensic samples by UHPLC-HRMS: The case of Corinaldo

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Forensic Chemistry Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.forc.2023.100527

Flaminia Vincenti , Flavia Pagano , Camilla Montesano , Weronica K. Cipriani , Laura Micheli , Adolfo Gregori , Fabiana Di Rosa , Rosario Casamassima , Roberta Curini , Manuel Sergi

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Abstract

The use of Oleoresin Capsicum (OC)-based sprays has been reported as non-lethal self-defense tools in Europe since the 1950 s. Stinging pepper sprays may be very useful tool for self-defense in case of aggression, but they can turn into instruments of panic production with fatal outcomes, as demonstrated by what happened in the deadly Turin soccer stampede in 2017 or in Corinaldo (Ancona, Italy) nightclub in 2018.

The aim of the present work was the development and validation of an analytical method for the determination of the two most common capsaicinoids contained in OC-sprays at crime scenes. A simple and effective method for the extraction of capsaicinoids from commercial swabs, has been developed. Sample clean-up was carried out by μ-SPE, in order to reduce matrix effect. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out by means of UHPLC-HRMS/MS.

The validated method was applied to the investigations related to the Corinaldo nightclub case, where a OC-spray was suspected of having created panic among the crowd, causing six dead and dozens hurt. A total number of 118 samples were collected from disco surfaces, including floors and balustrades, using swabs. The samples were treated and analysed with a validated method in order to identify and quantify the presence of capsaicinoids. Thanks to the large number of samples, it was possible to draw a concentration map of the analytes of interest within the disco, making possible to identify the room area from which the spray delivery started.

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hplc - hrms法测定法医样品中辣椒素类化合物的含量

自20世纪50年代以来，基于辣椒油树脂(OC)的喷雾剂在欧洲被报道为非致命的自卫工具。在遭受攻击时，辛辣的胡椒喷雾可能是非常有用的自卫工具，但它们也可能变成制造恐慌的工具，带来致命的后果，正如2017年都灵足球踩踏事件和2018年科林斯(意大利安科纳)夜总会发生的致命事件所证明的那样。本研究的目的是开发和验证一种分析方法，用于确定犯罪现场oc喷雾剂中最常见的两种辣椒素。研究了一种简单有效的从商品棉签中提取辣椒素的方法。采用μ-SPE对样品进行清理，以减小基质效应。采用UHPLC-HRMS/MS进行定性和定量分析。该方法已被应用于与科林斯夜总会事件相关的调查中，该事件中，oc喷雾剂被怀疑在人群中引起恐慌，造成6人死亡，数十人受伤。使用棉签从迪斯科舞厅表面(包括地板和栏杆)收集了总共118个样本。用一种有效的方法对样品进行处理和分析，以确定和量化辣椒素的存在。由于有大量的样品，因此可以绘制迪斯科舞厅内感兴趣的分析物的浓度图，从而可以确定喷雾开始的房间区域。

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来源期刊

Forensic Chemistry CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL-

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

14.80%

发文量

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Forensic Chemistry publishes high quality manuscripts focusing on the theory, research and application of any chemical science to forensic analysis. The scope of the journal includes fundamental advancements that result in a better understanding of the evidentiary significance derived from the physical and chemical analysis of materials. The scope of Forensic Chemistry will also include the application and or development of any molecular and atomic spectrochemical technique, electrochemical techniques, sensors, surface characterization techniques, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, chemometrics and statistics, and separation sciences (e.g. chromatography) that provide insight into the forensic analysis of materials. Evidential topics of interest to the journal include, but are not limited to, fingerprint analysis, drug analysis, ignitable liquid residue analysis, explosives detection and analysis, the characterization and comparison of trace evidence (glass, fibers, paints and polymers, tapes, soils and other materials), ink and paper analysis, gunshot residue analysis, synthetic pathways for drugs, toxicology and the analysis and chemistry associated with the components of fingermarks. The journal is particularly interested in receiving manuscripts that report advances in the forensic interpretation of chemical evidence. Technology Readiness Level: When submitting an article to Forensic Chemistry, all authors will be asked to self-assign a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) to their article. The purpose of the TRL system is to help readers understand the level of maturity of an idea or method, to help track the evolution of readiness of a given technique or method, and to help filter published articles by the expected ease of implementation in an operation setting within a crime lab.