Renske van der Cruijsen, Neeltje E Blankenstein, Jochem P Spaans, Sabine Peters, Eveline A Crone
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引用次数: 6
Abstract
This longitudinal behavioral neuroimaging study tested two hypotheses concerning self-concept development in adolescence: domain-specific self-concept and similarity between own (direct) and perceived peers' (reflected) opinions of the self. Participants (N = 189; 10-24 years) evaluated their traits in academic, physical appearance and prosocial domains from direct and reflected perspectives in an functional magnetic resonance imaging session across three time points (TP1: n = 160; TP2: n = 151; TP3: n = 144). Behaviorally, we observed a mid-adolescent dip in self-concept positivity, which was strongest for the academic domain, showing domain differentiation in mid-adolescence. Self-evaluations were associated with activity in, e.g. medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporal-parietal junction (TPJ). mPFC showed an adolescent-emerging peak in activation, pronounced more for direct than reflected self-evaluations. TPJ activation was generally stronger for reflected self-evaluations, and activation linearly increased with age for both reflected and direct self-evaluations. Longitudinal prediction analyses showed that positivity of self-evaluations predicted increases in self-concept clarity and less fear of negative evaluation 1 and 2 years later, highlighting the developmental benefits of acquiring a positive self-concept. Together, we show that adolescent self-development is characterized by dissociable neural patterns underlying self-evaluations in different domains, and from reflected and direct perspectives, confirming adolescence as a formative phase for developing a coherent and positive self-concept.
这项纵向行为神经成像研究测试了关于青少年自我概念发展的两个假设:特定领域的自我概念和自己(直接)和感知同伴(反映)对自我的看法之间的相似性。参与者(N = 189;10-24岁)在三个时间点的功能磁共振成像中从直接和反映的角度评估他们的学术、外貌和亲社会领域的特征(TP1: n = 160;TP2: n = 151;TP3: n = 144)。在行为上,我们观察到青春期中期自我概念积极性的下降,这在学术领域是最强的,显示出青春期中期的领域分化。自我评价与内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)和颞顶叶交界处(TPJ)的活动有关。mPFC的激活在青春期出现高峰,直接自我评价比反映自我评价更明显。反思性自我评价的TPJ激活一般较强,反思性和直接性自我评价的TPJ激活均随年龄线性增加。纵向预测分析显示,积极的自我评价预测了1 - 2年后自我概念清晰度的提高和对消极评价的恐惧程度的降低,突出了获得积极自我概念的发展益处。总之,我们表明青少年自我发展的特点是在不同领域的自我评价基础上可分离的神经模式,并从反映和直接的角度证实了青春期是发展连贯和积极的自我概念的形成阶段。