Actividad física y síndrome metabólico: Citius-Altius-Fortius

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a term that has been used in the last decades to define a group of risk factors that include: visceral obesity, arterial hypertension, hyperglycemia and atherogenic dyslipidemia, which predispose the individual to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Physical activity has been a fundamental element to understand MS and its etiology, given the fact that sedentarism is associated with weight gain and increased abdominal fat, which then predisposes the individual to a pro-inflammatory adiposopathy with insulin resistance, and the manifestation of the MS phenotype. The beneficial effects of exercise on the human body are of sufficient merit to evaluate, plan and apply intervention programs that lower the risk for DM2 and CVD. The following review analyzes the concept, molecular basis, and clinical evidence for exercise as a primary tool in endocrine and metabolic disorders.