Amit Kumar Tripathi, Anup Kumar Ray, Sunil Kumar Mishra, Siddharth Mall Bishen, Hirdyesh Mishra, Aman Khurana
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引用次数: 9
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid is an organic, sulfate-based compound produced by plants, humans, and animals. As a potent antioxidant and a natural dithiol compound, it performs a crucial role in mitochondrial bioenergetic reactions. A healthy human body, on the other hand, can synthesize enough α-lipoic acid to scavenge reactive oxygen species and increase endogenous antioxidants; however, the amount of α-lipoic acid inside the body decreases significantly with age, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Molecular orbital energy and spin density analysis indicate that the sulfhydryl (-SH) group of molecules has the greatest electron donating activity, which would be responsible for the antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity. α-Lipoic acid acts as a chelating agent for metal ions, a quenching agent for reactive oxygen species, and a reducing agent for the oxidized form of glutathione and vitamins C and E. α-Lipoic acid enantiomers and its reduced form have antioxidant, cognitive, cardiovascular, detoxifying, anti-aging, dietary supplement, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. α-Lipoic acid has cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on several cancers, including polycystic ovarian syndrome. It also has usefulness in the context of female and male infertility. Although α-lipoic acid has numerous clinical applications, the majority of them stem from its antioxidant properties; however, its bioavailability in its pure form is low (approximately 30%). However, nanoformulations have shown promise in this regard. The proton affinity and electron donating activity, as a redox-active agent, would be responsible for the antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity of the molecule. This review discusses the most recent clinical data on α-lipoic acid in the prevention, management, and treatment of a variety of diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019. Based on current evidence, the preclinical and clinical potential of this molecule is discussed.
Graphical abstract:
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-023-00370-1.
期刊介绍：
The Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy is a scientific journal edited and published by the Brazilian Society of Pharmacognosy, an association that brings together researchers, students and professionals who study and investigate the physical, chemical and biological drugs, especially those of vegetable origin, substances isolated and such as the potential source of drugs of natural origin. It is available in printed form for its members and subscribers and openly on the Internet in all your numbers and content. The articles published are original research contributions. To evaluate the work use is made of international standards and is held by the ad hoc advisers, which reflects the quality and credibility of the journal. The BJP is published since 1986.
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