Analysis of Risk Factors of Recurrent Vertebral Fractures After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty

Abstract

Background: Investigate the risk factors of recurrent vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Method: Data of 401 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by PVP from March 2013 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and were divided into re-fracture group and nonre-fracture group according to the postoperative recurrence of vertebral compression fractures. The following parameters were observed, including age, gender, bone mineral density (BMD), correction degree of kyphosis, recovery degree of vertebral height, amount of bone cement injected, Pfirrmann classification of adjacent intervertebral disc of hurt vertebral, and bone cement leakage in intervertebral disc. Then, the above parameters were statistically analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis to explore the risk factors of vertebral recurrent fracture after PVP. Result: Among 401 patients, 34 (34 /401, 8.4%) recurred OVCF after PVP. Statistical analysis showed that the risk of recurrent vertebral fracture increased by 3.732 times (95% CI 1.107-12.581) when Pfirrmann classification of adjacent intervertebral disc was in degeneration grade. The risk of recurrent vertebral fracture was significantly increased by 31.818 times (95% CI 13.384-75.640) when bone cement leakage occurred in intervertebral disc. Conclusion: Pfirrmann classification of adjacent intervertebral disc and bone cement leakage in intervertebral disc are significantly correlated with the recurrence of vertebral fracture after PVP. In PVP operation, avoiding the bone cement leakage in intervertebral disc can significantly reduce the recurrence of vertebral compression fractures.