UJI PEMATAHAN DORMANSI MENGGUNAKAN ASAM SULFAT BERDASARKAN VIABILITAS DAN VIGOR BENIH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)

Philia Ch. Latue, H. L. Rampe, Marhaenus J. Rumondor
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Abstract

UJI PEMATAHAN DORMANSI MENGGUNAKAN ASAM SULFAT BERDASARKAN VIABILITAS DAN VIGOR  BENIH PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)  ABSTRAKTanaman pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) termasuk salah satu tanaman rempah asli Indonesia yang bernilai ekonomis. Daerah penghasil tanaman pala di Indonesia yaitu Maluku, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatra Barat, Aceh, Jawa Barat dan Papua. Salah satu kendala dari tanaman pala yaitu pada perkembangbiakannya, karena memiliki masa dormansi dua bulan yang disebabkan oleh kulit biji (tempurung) yang keras serta menyebabkan viabilitas dan vigor benih menjadi menurun. Salah satu cara mematahkan masa dormansi yaitu dengan pemberian larutan kimia golongan asam kuat seperti asam sulfat, berguna melunakkan kulit biji yang keras dan mempermudah proses imbibisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pematahan dormansi berdasarkan uji viabilitas dan vigor benih serta mendapatkan konsentrasi asam sulfat yang paling baik dalam mematahkan dormansi benih pala. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan asam sulfat dengan empat konsentrasi yaitu H2SO4 0% (kontrol) (H0), H2SO4 10% (H1), H2SO4 20% (H2) dan H2SO4 30% (H3). Parameter yang diamati adalah viabilitas dan vigor benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi asam sulfat berpengaruh nyata terhadap viabilitas benih pala dengan nilai Sig < 0,05 dan mencapai 100% pada 56 HST. Hasil perhitungan vigor benih pala untuk indeks vigor mencapai 8,83 dan koefisien vigor 406.300. Asam sulfat konsentrasi 20% adalah konsentrasi yang paling baik untuk mematahkan masa dormansi benih pala pada 60 HST menjadi 14 HST berdasarkan uji viabilitas dan vigor benih.Kata Kunci : Benih pala, Dormansi, Asam sulfat, Viabiltas, Vigor THE TESTING TO BREAK DORMANT USING SULFURIC ACID BASED ON VIABILITY AND VIGOR OF NUTMEG SEED (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) ABSTRACTThe nutmeg plant (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is known as one of the original spices found in Indonesia that has economical value. The area where the nutmeg grows in Indonesia is in Maluku, North Sulawesi, West Sumatra, Aceh, West Java, and Papua. One of the obstacles found in the nutmeg is its reproduction cycle, because it has a dormant state of two months that is caused by the thick and hard skin (shell) of the seed that causes the viability and vigor of the seed to decrease. One of the ways to break through the dormant state of the seed is to give it a chemical solution that is categorized as a strong acid such as sulfuric acid, which can soften the hard skin of the seed and easen the imbibition process. This research has the objective to figure out how to bypass the dormant state using seed vigor and viability tests and to obtain the purest concentrated sulfuric acid as well as the way to bypass the dormant state of the nutmeg seed. This research uses the Complete Randomized Design (CRD) three times repeatedly.Dosages using four different concentrations of sulfuric acid which are, H2SO40% (controlled) (H0), H2SO4 10% (H1), H2SO4 20% (H2) and H2SO4 30% (H3). The parameters that are being observed are the viability and vigor of the seed. The results of the experiments show that with the sulfuric acid applied gives real-time seed viability and vigor reactions with the value of Sig < 0.05 and it can reach 100% on the 56 DAP. The results of the calculations show that the vigor of the nutmeg seed reaches an 8.83 vigor index and vigor coefficient of 406.300. With a 20% concentrated sulfuric acid solution is the concentration with the most efficient means of bypassing the dormant state of the nutmeg seed on with the 60 DAP becoming 14 DAP based on the seed viability and vigor test.Keywords : Nutmeg Seed, Dormant, Sulfuric Acid, Viability, Vigor
多曼耐受性试验采用硫酸,基于肉豆蔻和肉豆蔻(Myristica fragrans Houtt)。
多曼耐受性试验采用硫酸,基于肉豆蔻和肉豆蔻(Myristica fragrans Houtt)。肉豆蔻(Myristica fragrans Houtt)是印度尼西亚本土的经济香料之一。印度尼西亚的肉豆蔻产区是马鲁库、北苏拉威西、西苏门答腊、亚齐、西爪哇和巴布亚。肉豆蔻的一个障碍是它的生长,因为它有两个月的休眠时间是由坚硬的谷壳引起的,从而降低了活力和活力。降低休眠状态的一种方法是使用强酸如硫酸的化学溶液,可以软化坚硬的外壳,促进石化过程。本研究的目的是根据种子的病毒性和病变试验确定休眠物质的附着力,并获得最有效的硫酸浓度,以打破种子的休眠状态。研究采用全随机设计实验方法,重复三次。硫酸处理的浓度为4浓度H2SO4 0%(控制)(H0), H2SO4 10% (H1), H2SO4 20% (H2)和H2SO4 30% (H3)。观察到的参数是可见性和可见性种子。研究结果表明,硫酸应用在Sig < 0.05的Sig中具有明显的影响,在56 HST中达到100%。维果的豆蔻籽计数为8.83次,vigor系数为406.300次。20%的硫酸浓度是最理想的浓度,根据可行性和vigor测试,将豆蔻在60赫兹处的休眠期降低到14 HST。关键词:肉豆蔻、多曼西、硫酸、亚的松、维果测试用硫化物和坚果种子(Myristica fragrans Houtt)进行。据知,在印尼发现的最初的香料之一有经济价值。印度尼西亚的坚果生长在马鲁库、北苏拉威西、西苏门答腊、亚齐、爪哇和巴布亚。在坚果中发现的一种obstacles是复制周期,因为它有两个月的时间被种子的厚皮和硬皮所感染,从而使种子的可行性和病变得以根除。通过种子的休眠状态的一种方法是给它一种化学解决方案,这种解决方案被认为是一种强大的硫酸酸,它可以软化种子的硬皮,吸收种子的过程。这项研究的目的是弄清楚如何利用种子的活力和活力测试来绕过休眠状态,从而确定潜在的硫酸,就像绕过休眠核的状态一样。这个研究用的是完整的兰多米设计,三次重复。使用四种不同的硫酸浓度,控制(H2SO40%), H2SO4 10% (H1), H2SO4 20% (H2)和H2SO4 30% (H3)。观察到的表情是种子的活力和活力。实验的结果显示,硫酸acid使用的工具提供了实时种子颗粒和vigor reactions具有Sig < 0.05的值,可以在56 DAP上100%到达。地震的结果表明,坚果种子的病根读数为8.83维果指数,无法摄取406.300美元。经过20%的集中硫酸酸酸溶液,这是最值得注意的结果,在60吨大麻种子的停滞状态下,有14吨大麻在核试验中。阿拉伯语:种子,休眠,硫酸,可生物性,维戈尔
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