Electronic toll collection

David A. Hensher
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引用次数: 30

Abstract

Electronic toll collection (ETC) offers the opportunity for toll facility operators to supply a substantially greater amount of traffic capacity than any other currently available form of toll collection. The current interest in ETC derives from the proposals in a number of countries to introduce urban tollways, using the net toll receipts to recover the cost of the capital investment plus an acceptable profit margin for those taking the financial risk. This paper outlines the main economic, technical, and administrative features of ETC in the context of toll charges that are determined by the rules of capital cost recovery. Electronic road pricing (ERP) as a mechanism for implementing full road user charging (in line with economic principles of efficient use of road space) is not the topic of this paper, given the predominantly financial basis of setting tolls for private roads. The underlying rationale for toolroads in the political climate of most nations is not suggestive of any plan to revise the pricing regime in line with ERP upon reversion of the infrastructure to the public sector when the capital costs are repaid. It is assumed that the tollroads will revert to free roads in line with the existing road system, and that road users will continue to contribute towards the costs of maintaining the road system by the traditional pricing mechanisms (i.e. fuel taxes, vehicle registration, fees, etc.).

电子收费
电子收费(ETC)为收费设施运营商提供了比任何其他现有收费形式更大的交通容量的机会。目前对ETC的兴趣源于一些国家提出的引进城市收费公路的建议,利用净收费收入来收回资本投资成本,再加上承担财务风险的人可以接受的利润率。本文概述了ETC在由资本成本回收规则决定的收费背景下的主要经济、技术和管理特征。电子道路收费(ERP)作为一种实施全面道路使用者收费的机制(符合有效利用道路空间的经济原则)不是本文的主题,因为为私人道路设置收费的主要是财务基础。在大多数国家的政治气候中,工具道路的基本原理并不暗示在偿还资本成本后将基础设施归还给公共部门后,根据资源规划修订定价制度的任何计划。假设收费公路将恢复为与现有道路系统一致的免费道路,道路使用者将继续通过传统的定价机制(即燃油税、车辆登记、费用等)来承担维护道路系统的成本。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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