RESEARCH OF COMPOSITION OF ANTIWEAR ADDITIVES FOR JET FUELS

Abstract

In the framework of the state import substitution program for the development of a domestic antiwear additive for jet fuels the physicochemical characteristics of the approved foreign antiwear additives of DNK, HITEC 580 and Unicor J were analyzed at the first stage. The analysis revealed that using solvents during the production of HITEC 580 additives and Unicor J improve their consumer properties (low temperature characteristics). At the second stage of the study the composition of currently used additives HITEC 580 and Unicor J was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was shown, that the same active component is used in their composition - dimers of unsaturated fatty acids C18, namely a mixture of dimers of linolenic, linoleic and oleic acids, among which the dimer formed from linoleic and oleic acids prevails. An analysis of the solvents used in the additive composition showed that in the production of Unicor J additives they use an aromatic solvent containing 92% of monoaromatic compounds, mainly of the C10 series, which is probably the product of gasoline reforming, and HITEC 580 additives use an aliphatic solvent containing mainly n alkanes (41%). From the presented results of the study it follows that when developing a domestic antiwear additive formulation, it is necessary to choose compounds containing 1 or 2 carboxyl groups as the active component, and as the solvent either aromatic or aliphatic, depending on the cost and availability on the domestic market.