Relations Between Reading and Speech Manifest Universal Phonological Principle

IF 3 1区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
D. Shankweiler, C. Fowler
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

All writing systems represent speech, providing a means for recording each word of a message. This is achieved by symbolizing the phonological forms of spoken words as well as information conveying grammar and meaning. Alphabetic systems represent the segmental phonology by providing symbols for individual consonants and vowels; some also convey morphological units. Other systems represent syllables (typically CVs) or morphosyllables. In all cases, learning to read requires a learner to discover the forms of language that writing encodes, drawing on metalinguistic abilities that are not needed for the acquisition of speech. Therefore, learning to read is harder and rarer than acquiring speech. Research reveals that skilled readers of every studied orthography access phonological language forms automatically and early in word reading. Although reading processes differ according to the cognitive demands of specific orthographic forms, the differences are subservient to the universal phonologic principle that all readers access phonological language forms.
阅读与言语的关系体现了普遍的音韵学原理
所有的书写系统都代表语音,为记录信息中的每个单词提供了一种方法。这是通过对口语单词的语音形式以及信息传递的语法和意义进行符号化来实现的。字母系统通过为单个辅音和元音提供符号来表示分段音系;有些还传递形态单位。其他系统表示音节(通常是cv)或形音节。在所有情况下,学习阅读都需要学习者发现书写编码的语言形式,利用习得语言所不需要的元语言能力。因此,学习阅读比学习说话更难,也更罕见。研究表明,熟练的读者在阅读单词的早期就能自动获取语音语言形式。虽然阅读过程根据特定正字法形式的认知需求而有所不同,但这种差异服从于所有读者都访问音系语言形式的普遍音系原则。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
6.20%
发文量
37
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Linguistics, in publication since 2015, covers significant developments in the field of linguistics, including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and their interfaces. Reviews synthesize advances in linguistic theory, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, language change, biology and evolution of language, typology, as well as applications of linguistics in many domains.
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