Successive phase transitions of BaTiO3 ceramics synthesized by powder-calcination

Abstract

The BaTiO₃ ceramics has been synthesized by calcining the powdered reactants BaCO₃ and TiO₂ at various temperatures, to examine the influences of calcination temperature on the successive phase transitions. The properties of the products have been studied by differential thermal analysis, dielectric measurements, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. While the cubic-tetragonal transition temperature shifts towards higher temperatures with increasing calcination temperature, the lower two transitions shift towards lower temperatures. The thermal and dielectric anomalies due to the phase transitions increase as the calcination temperature rises.