In vitro and in vivo antiproliferative potential of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb.

Abstract

Background

Cuscuta reflexa Roxb., (Convolvulaceae), is well known medicinal plant in Indian System of Medicine for various ailments. We have explored antiproliferative properties of Cuscuta reflexa (whole plant).

Methods

Three extracts (95% alcoholic, 50% hydro-alcoholic and aqueous) and four fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol and aqueous) were prepared. In vitro cytotoxicity was observed by using SRB assay and in vivo antitumor activity was also performed using murine models.

Results

The alcoholic extract and its chloroform fraction were found to be most potent among three extracts and four fractions of alcoholic extract. It showed maximum cytotoxicity against human breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. The alcoholic extract showed significant (p < 0.05) tumor growth inhibition at 40 mg/kg which were 42.62% and 25.96% for Ehrlich tumor and Sarcoma −180 solid tumor model respectively. Similarly, chloroform fraction of alcoholic extract showed significant tumor growth inhibition of 48.98% and 44.11% for Ehrlich tumor and Sarcoma-180 solid tumor model at 10 mg/kg respectively.

Conclusion

This study indicates that the cytotoxic potential of Cuscuta reflexa lies in its alcoholic extract and chloroform fraction of alcoholic extract of the whole plant due to interference in cell proliferation.