CONJUGATION OF TRAITS OF DIPLOID AND TETRAPLOID RYE VARIETIES

Abstract

Intensive technologies of modern farming dictate the trend of using varieties of a new type, with a whole range of properties. frost-resistant, drought-resistant varieties that are resistant to lodging and adverse weather conditions, fungal diseases, and show high productivity potential and stable yields deserve attention.In our research, we set a goal to study the correlations of morphobiological traits in cultivated rye varieties of different levels of ploidy. The work was carried out at the Dagestan experimental station of VIR, under irrigated conditions, with winter sowing. 12 samples of each ploidy level were taken. The sample consisted of 20 plants. We assessed the morphobiological characteristics of 24 accessions according to the following characteristics: plant height, bushiness (general and productive), spike length, number of spikelets, number of grains, and weight of 1000 grains. Each variety was analyzed and the following statistical indicators were identified: arithmetic mean, arithmetic mean error, coefficient of variation. To identify possible relationships, a correlation analysis of features was carried out. The correlation was considered high when this indicator exceeded the value of ±0.5. The studied samples of rye of all levels of ploidy had correlations of the following morphobiological traits: plant height, general tillering, productive tillering, ear length, number of spikelets, number of grains. There is a strong positive correlation between the number of grains per spike and the number of spikelets per spike.