The Need for Effective Exercise of Jurisdiction

IF 2.3 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
C. Symmons
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is well established in customary international law, then, that an historic claim to waters must have not only been continuously exercised, but also effectively, enforced after the ?critical' date of formal claim in the past. The state activity required for this should constitute what the UN Juridical Regime calls "effective exercise of sovereignty over the area" by the claimant State-a matter on which the claimant State has, as in all other aspects of alleged historic claim, the burden of proof. As the US Supreme Court emphasised clearly in the Cook Inlet case, "[t]he assertion of national jurisdiction over coastal waters for purposes of fisheries management frequently differs in extent from the boundaries claimed as inland or even territorial waters"; i.e., it may involve "a characteristic of territorial seas rather than inland waters". The more particular international requirements in this regard are discussed in this chapter.Keywords: claimant state; Cook Inlet case; effective exercise of sovereignty; historic waters claim; international law; national jurisdiction; territorial waters; UN Juridical Regime
有效行使管辖权的必要性
因此,习惯国际法已经明确规定,对水域的历史性主张不仅必须在过去正式主张的“关键”日期之后得到持续行使,而且必须得到有效执行。为此所要求的国家活动应构成索偿国“对该地区有效行使主权”的联合国司法制度所称——在这一问题上,索偿国与所有其他所谓历史性索偿方面一样,负有举证责任。正如美国最高法院在库克湾案中明确强调的那样,“为了渔业管理的目的而主张的对沿海水域的国家管辖权,在程度上往往不同于主张为内陆水域甚至领海的边界”;也就是说,它可能涉及“领海而非内陆水域的特征”。本章将讨论这方面更具体的国际要求。关键词:索赔人状态;库克入口箱;有效行使主权;历史性水域主张;国际法;国家管辖;领海;联合国司法制度
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来源期刊
Historic Environment-Policy & Practice
Historic Environment-Policy & Practice HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
26.70%
发文量
14
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