Agglutination processes of activated sludge cultures induced by extracellular lectins

A. Kobelev, S. V. Klement’ev, A. Sirotkin
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Abstract

We examine the agglutinating ability of five compounds, namely, A1, A2, A3, A4 and BS1, isolated from activated sludge on selective media typical of a number of dominant microbial cultures that contribute to the formation of microbial aggregates. The morphological properties of the isolates and their lectin activity, as well as the physiological and biochemical properties of individual isolates were studied; microorganisms in their composition were identified. We assessed the capacity of the isolates under study to synthesize an exopolysaccharide matrix, as well as the sedimentation of activated sludge under the action of the native solution and culture liquid of the BS1 isolate. Based on their capacity to agglutinate, the BS1 and A2 isolates were selected for further research as producers of extracellular lectins and objects of agglutination, respectively. The biophysiochemical properties and molecular-genetic identification of the BS1 isolate allowed the degree of identity with r. Bacillus to be defined (96.19%); for the A2 isolate, 92.93% identity with p. Shigella and p. Escherichia was determined. To assess the capacity to synthesize a biofilm matrix, the BS1 and A2 isolates were cultivated on an agar nutrient solution using Congo Red dye. According to the obtained results, the isolates are capable of synthesizing an exopolysaccharide matrix, the main component of bacterial biofilms. The research results on the sedimentation of activated sludge induced by the native solution and culture liquid of BS1 showed the following. The sedimentation rate of activated sludge increased significantly at the beginning of the process upon adding a BS1 cell suspension, while the introduction of the native solution of BS1 intensified the process following 5 minutes of contact. The obtained experimental data suggest that the media containing extracellular bacterial lectins can be effectively used as a coagulant (flocculant) for the sedimentation of activated sludge.
细胞外凝集素诱导活性污泥培养物的凝集过程
我们研究了五种化合物的凝集能力,即A1, A2, A3, A4和BS1,它们是从活性污泥中分离出来的,这些化合物是在一些有利于微生物聚集形成的优势微生物培养物的典型选择培养基上分离出来的。研究了分离株的形态特征、凝集素活性以及单个分离株的生理生化特性;鉴定了其组成中的微生物。我们评估了所研究的分离物合成胞外多糖基质的能力,以及在BS1分离物的天然溶液和培养液的作用下活性污泥的沉降能力。根据其凝集能力,选择BS1和A2分离株分别作为细胞外凝集素的生产者和凝集对象进行进一步研究。BS1分离物的生物理化性质和分子遗传学鉴定使其与芽孢杆菌的同源度得到确定(96.19%);A2分离物与志贺氏杆菌和埃希氏杆菌的同源性为92.93%。为了评估合成生物膜基质的能力,将BS1和A2分离株培养在琼脂营养液中,并用刚果红染料进行培养。根据所得结果,分离菌株能够合成细菌生物膜的主要成分外多糖基质。BS1原生溶液和培养液诱导活性污泥沉降的研究结果如下:加入BS1细胞悬浮液后,活性污泥的沉降率在工艺开始时显著增加,而引入BS1原生溶液后,接触5分钟后,活性污泥的沉降率增强。实验结果表明,含有胞外细菌凝集素的培养基可以有效地作为活性污泥的混凝剂(絮凝剂)。
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