Does Uncertainty Reduction Facilitate the Perceptual Disconfirmation of Negative Expectancies in Computer-Mediated Communication?: A Test of Two Models

IF 1.7 4区心理学 Q2 COMMUNICATION

Journal of Media Psychology-Theories Methods and Applications Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI:10.1027/1864-1105/a000188

Nicole Kashian, J. Walther

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

This study tests two models of perceptual disconfirmation. Perceptual disconfirmation occurs when individuals have a negative expectation regarding their future conversation partners’ demeanor, but after conversing with and influencing their partners’ behavior, individuals’ assessment of their partners’ demeanor becomes more positive. This effect is, so far, novel to computer-mediated communication: When individuals with similar expectancies get acquainted using phone or face-to-face channels their negative preinteraction expectancies persist and assessments remain unchanged. This experiment explored the extent to which questions and disclosures, and partners’ disclosive responses, mediated perceptual disconfirmation. Individuals were led to believe that a dyadic conversation partner was either in a bad mood (negative and malleable expectation) or had a bad personality (negative and nonmalleable expectation). After a 30-min online conversation to get acquainted, perceptual disconfirmation emerged, although the verbal strategies did not mediate the effect. This study raises new questions about the process by which individuals who have negative expectancies of their future conversation partners defy these negative expectations and shift their attitudes to become more positive online.

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不确定性的减少是否促进了计算机媒介沟通中消极期望的知觉失确?:两个模型的检验

本研究检验了知觉失认的两种模型。当个体对未来谈话对象的行为举止有负面预期，但在与谈话对象交谈并影响其行为后，个体对其行为举止的评估变得更加积极时，就会出现知觉失证。到目前为止，这种效应对于以计算机为媒介的交流来说是新奇的:当具有相似期望的个体通过电话或面对面的渠道认识时，他们的负面互动前期望会持续存在，评估也会保持不变。本实验探讨了问题和披露以及伴侣的披露反应在多大程度上介导了知觉不确认。个体被引导相信，二元对话伙伴要么心情不好(消极和可塑的期望)，要么性格不好(消极和不可塑的期望)。在进行了30分钟的在线交谈以相互认识之后，出现了知觉上的失认，尽管言语策略并没有起到中介作用。这项研究提出了一个新的问题，即那些对未来的谈话对象抱有负面期望的人是如何克服这些负面期望，并将他们的态度转变为更积极的态度的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Media Psychology-Theories Methods and Applications Multiple-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

11.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Journal of Media Psychology (JMP) is committed to publishing original, high-quality papers which cover the broad range of media psychological research. This peer-reviewed journal focuses on how human beings select, use, and experience various media as well as how media (use) can affect their cognitions, emotions, and behaviors. Submissions must substantially advance the current state-of the art on a theoretical and/or an empirical level. To name just a few typical fields and domains of inquiry, the Journal of Media Psychology considers manuscripts dealing with research on entertainment, computer-mediated communication (including social media), human-computer interaction, e-learning, computer and video games, virtual environments, or advertising. The journal is also open to research from neighboring disciplines as far as this work ties in with psychological concepts of the uses and effects of the media. Submissions of comparative work, e.g., crossmedia, cross-gender, or cross-cultural, are encouraged. Moreover, submissions including alternative analysis procedures such as the Bayesian approach are welcome. Starting in 2015, the pre-registration of research plans will also be possible. To ensure short turn-around cycles for manuscript review and fast publication, the Journal of Media Psychology relies heavily upon electronic communication and information exchange, starting from electronic submission and continuing throughout the entire review and production process.