Strategies for thymus regeneration and generating thymic organoids

Abstract

The thymus plays a crucial role in adaptive immunity through the regulation of T cell development. Thymus dysfunction can have a number of implications, such as increased predisposition to infection and autoimmunity, age-related reduced response to vaccines, and increased risk of cancer development. This review describes several strategies to treat thymic impairment, including endogenous regeneration by growth factor administration, cellular and stem cell therapy, gene therapy and combinations thereof.