Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Explant Source on the Induction of Callus of Dianthus caryophyllus L.

Abstract

In order to investigate the possibility for in in vitro fast regeneration of Dianthus caryophyllus, different concentrations of Kinetin (Kin), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid (2,4-D) had been tested for induction of callus by leaves and stems explant using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. After two months in culture, response callus in the induction rate, fresh and dry weight, texture and color were evaluated.  MS medium that contained 4.5 mg.L-1 2, 4-D was suitable for callus induction with leaf explants. The combination of 0.4 mg.L-1 Kin and 2.0 mg.L-1 2, 4-D also demonstrated a wonderful induction of callus on stem explants. In addition to the culture medium complemented by Kin and 2, 4-D, the influence of Zeatin at various concentrations (0.0, 0.4, 0.8 or 1.0 mg.L-1) was assessed.  In MS medium that  contained  0.4 mg.L-1 Kin+ 2.0 mg.L-1 2,4-D+ 1.0 mg.L-1 Zeatin, rapid callus induction and also more callus proliferation from stem explants were detected. Results indicate on callus induction that, Zeatin was more successful than Kin or 2, 4-D, but other combinations directly developed a shoot. Callus obtained from stems explant was friable, white and yellow, while callus from leaf explants was green.