Practice and Prevalence of Antibiotic Self-Medication among Undergraduate Students at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Tanzania

Fat-hiya Abdi Hussein, Akili Mawazo, J. J. Mwakibinga, Rosemary Malya, R. Bakar, Adonira Saro, D. Kajeguka
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Abstract

Background: Antibiotic self-medication has been on the rise in different parts of the world. Antibiotic self-medication causes excessive antibiotic exposure to humans which is associated with many health risks including antibiotic resistance. The objective of this study was to assess practice and determine the prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the practice and knowledge of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students. A total of 300 undergraduate students were purposively sampled. The association between categorical predictors and antibiotic self-medication waspresented as Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CIs) using logistic regression. Result: The prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students is 191(63.7%) with amoxicillin 103(53.9%) being the most used antibiotic for treatment of respiratory disorders 109(57.1%) and gastrointestinal disorders 50(26.2%). Pharmacy is the major source of antibiotics used for self-medication 165(86.4%). Delayed/queue in seeking hospitals services was the main reason for practicing antibiotic self-medication 74(38.7%). Conclusion: The study observed a high prevalence of antibiotic self-medication among undergraduate students. This calls for immediate implementation of public health programs aimed at increasing awareness of consequences that may results from antibiotic self-medication. At the policy-making level, there is an urgent need to legislate and enforce laws restricting access to antibiotics in Tanzania.
坦桑尼亚乞力马扎罗山基督教医科大学本科生抗生素自我用药的实践和流行情况
背景:抗生素自我用药在世界不同地区呈上升趋势。抗生素自我用药导致人类过度接触抗生素,这与许多健康风险有关,包括抗生素耐药性。本研究的目的是评估实践和确定抗生素自我用药在大学生中的流行程度。方法:这是在乞力马扎罗山基督教医科大学进行的一项描述性横断面研究。采用自填问卷对大学生抗生素自我用药的知识和实践情况进行评估。共有300名本科生被有意抽样。分类预测因子与抗生素自我用药之间的关联采用logistic回归表示为95%置信区间(95% ci)的比值比(OR)。结果:大学生抗生素自我药疗使用率为191例(63.7%),其中阿莫西林103(53.9%)是最常用的抗生素,用于治疗呼吸系统疾病109例(57.1%),胃肠道疾病50例(26.2%)。药房是自行用药使用抗生素的主要来源165(86.4%)。就诊延误/排队是使用抗生素自行用药的主要原因74(38.7%)。结论:本研究发现,大学生自我使用抗生素的比例较高。这要求立即实施公共卫生计划,旨在提高人们对抗生素自我用药可能导致的后果的认识。在决策层面,坦桑尼亚迫切需要立法和执行限制获得抗生素的法律。
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