Regional Photoimmobilized Growth Factors-Polystyrene Scaffold Induced Reverted Senescence BMSCs for Bone Regeneration

Abstract

Bone diseases such as bone cancer, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and osteomyelitis represent major illnesses that threaten the health of humans. Bone transplantations often needs restoration to the damaged bone. However, autografts still have some limitations. This study aimed to provide a region-specific immobilization of growth factors (GFs) in the scaffolds, which in turn can help in differentiating of BMSCs into three different cells in the same scaffold. The exposure tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) aging model of BMSCs was reverted in vitro by using CNT-IGF-PCL-PLA scaffolds. Polystyrene (PS) region-specific immobilized GFs was then used by interference and diffraction of ultraviolet (UV). In addition, the reverted BMSCs were regionally differentiation into three kinds of cells. In vivo, GFs-PS scaffolds accelerate bone healing in injured Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats after treatment for 21 days. The CNT-IGF-PCL-PLA scaffolds demonstrated good biological and chemical properties, and the external experiments showed significant resistance of senescence in BMSC. Meanwhile, GFs-PS effectively promoted the differentiation of reverted BMSCs in the designated area on day 21. These results suggested that GFs are localized by co-immobilization on PS for the first time by optical interference and diffraction of UV light, which isconsidered as a short-time, low cost, and simple operation method.