VEHICLE–PEDESTRIAN INTERACTIONS INTO AND OUTSIDE OF CROSSWALKS: EFFECTS OF DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS

IF 1.3 4区工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Transport Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.3846/transport.2021.14739

F. Bella, M. Silvestri

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

This study aimed to analyse the driver’s behaviour during the interaction with a pedestrian crossing into and outside the zebra crossing, and evaluate the effectiveness of two kinds of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) that provided to the driver an auditory alert, and a visual alert to detect the pedestrian. 42 participants joined the experiment conducted using the fixed-base driving simulator of the Department of Engineering (Roma Tre University). They experienced different crossing conditions (legal and illegal) and ADAS conditions (no ADAS, visual warning and auditory warning) in an urban scenario. The parameters Time-To-Arrive (TTA) and Speed Reduction Time (SRT) were obtained from the drivers’ speed profiles in the last 150 m in advance of the conflict point with the pedestrian. Results clearly showed the criticality of illegal crossings. When the pedestrian crossed outside of the crosswalk, the highest number of collision occurred and the ANalysis Of VAriance (ANOVA) returned significant effects on both the dependent variables TTA and SRT, highlighting the higher criticality of the vehicle–pedestrian interaction and the more abrupt yielding manoeuvre. Positive effects (the vehicle–pedestrian interaction was less critical and the yielding manoeuvre was smoother) emerged for both the driver assistance systems, although not statistically significant. Besides, both the driver assistance systems positively affected the behaviour of the average cautious drivers. No significant effects of the warning systems were recorded on the aggressive drivers, which because of their behavioural characteristics ignored the warning alarm. In addition, no significant effects of the warning systems were recorded for the very cautious drivers, which adjusted their behaviour even before the alarm trigger. Finally, the outcomes of the questionnaire submitted to the participants highlighted the clear preference for the auditory warning, probably because of the different physical stimuli that are solicited by the warning signal. The results confirm that adequate pedestrian paths should be planned to avoid jaywalker conditions, which induce the driver to assume critical driving behaviour and provide useful findings of the effectiveness of driver assistance systems for pedestrian detection.

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车辆与行人在人行横道内外的相互作用:驾驶员辅助系统的影响

本研究旨在分析驾驶员在与穿过斑马线的行人互动时的行为，并评估两种高级驾驶员辅助系统(ADAS)的有效性，这两种系统分别向驾驶员提供听觉警报和视觉警报，以检测行人。42名参与者参加了使用罗马三大学工程系固定基座驾驶模拟器进行的实验。他们在城市场景中经历了不同的穿越条件(合法和非法)和ADAS条件(无ADAS，视觉警告和听觉警告)。从与行人冲突点前最后150 m的驾驶员速度曲线中获得了到达时间(TTA)和减速时间(SRT)参数。结果清楚地显示了非法越境的严重性。当行人从人行横道外穿过时，发生碰撞的次数最多，方差分析(ANOVA)对因变量TTA和SRT都有显著影响，突出了车辆-行人相互作用的更高临界性和更突然的让行操作。两种驾驶员辅助系统都出现了积极的影响(车辆与行人的相互作用不那么关键，让位操作更平稳)，尽管在统计上不显著。此外，两种驾驶辅助系统都对一般谨慎驾驶的行为产生积极影响。由于驾驶员自身的行为特征，驾驶员忽略了警告警报，因此警告系统对驾驶员的影响不显著。此外，警报系统对非常谨慎的司机没有显著影响，他们甚至在警报触发之前就调整了自己的行为。最后，提交给参与者的问卷结果强调了对听觉警告的明显偏好，这可能是因为警告信号引起了不同的身体刺激。研究结果证实，应该规划足够的行人路径，以避免乱穿马路的情况，这种情况会诱导驾驶员采取关键的驾驶行为，并提供驾驶员辅助系统对行人检测的有效性的有用发现。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transport Engineering-Mechanical Engineering

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

4 months

期刊介绍： At present, transport is one of the key branches playing a crucial role in the development of economy. Reliable and properly organized transport services are required for a professional performance of industry, construction and agriculture. The public mood and efficiency of work also largely depend on the valuable functions of a carefully chosen transport system. A steady increase in transportation is accompanied by growing demands for a higher quality of transport services and optimum efficiency of transport performance. Currently, joint efforts taken by the transport experts and governing institutions of the country are required to develop and enhance the performance of the national transport system conducting theoretical and empirical research. TRANSPORT is an international peer-reviewed journal covering main aspects of transport and providing a source of information for the engineer and the applied scientist. The journal TRANSPORT publishes articles in the fields of: transport policy; fundamentals of the transport system; technology for carrying passengers and freight using road, railway, inland waterways, sea and air transport; technology for multimodal transportation and logistics; loading technology; roads, railways; airports, ports, transport terminals; traffic safety and environment protection; design, manufacture and exploitation of motor vehicles; pipeline transport; transport energetics; fuels, lubricants and maintenance materials; teamwork of customs and transport; transport information technologies; transport economics and management; transport standards; transport educology and history, etc.