Current Status of Multi Drug Resistance of Bacillus Species from Clinical Sources

Abstract

Bacillus species are found anywhere in environment. Due to unnecessary use of antibiotics many bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics. Many bacterial strains become resistant due to the unnecessary use of antibiotics. When bacteria become resistant the antibiotic loses their ability for the elimination of bacteria from the body of infected person. 110 clinical samples were collected from different hospitals of Lahore. These samples were purified. After purification 20 Bacillus bacteria were isolated by using differential media MSA. Structures were examined under microscope after examination three bacillus species (B. subtillis, B. licheniformis and B. cereus) were found. For further confirmation biochemical tests were performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed at the end to check the bacterial susceptibility against antibiotics. Ten different antibiotics were used by disc diffusion method. Antibiotics were streptomycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, azithromycin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, oxacillin and amoxicillin. 95% of the resistance was shown against oxacillin and 95% against ampicillin. 95% sensitivity was shown by streptomycin. 90% sensitivity was shown by tetracycline and gentamicin. 100% sensitivity was shown by three antibiotics against B. licheniformis which were streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin while no sensitivity was given by ampicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin and clindamycin. 100% resistance was shown by oxacillin against B. licheniformis. No resistance was seen in the case of streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin. Maximum sensitivity was shown by streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin against B. subtilis. Minimum sensitivity was given by clindamycin. 100% resistance was shown by oxacillin and 89% resistance was given by amoxicillin. B. cereus is shown different percentages of resistance and sensitivity against ten different drugs. Maximum sensitivity was shown for streptomycin, tetracycline and gentamicin while maximum resistance was shown against ampicillin and oxacillin.