Ecological importance of strigolactones hormone on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis in plant

Abstract

Strigolactones (SLs) are versatile compounds that have recently been identified as a special generation of plant hormones. They play a significant role as modulators of coordinated plant development in response to nutrient deficiency and defence, particularly by influencing plant root microbiome and mycorrhization. SLs act as signals molecules that help host communicate with their environment belowground, in addition to regulating root architecture and growth promotion. Alternatively, boosting the SLs hormone level or applying external SLs, SL synthetic analogs e.g. GR24, and SL mimics to plants, can improve the root architecture, and physiological changes, and controls biotic and abiotic parameters by activating regulatory genes and molecular changes. Interestingly, SLs perform a fundamental character in the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) symbiosis by eliciting mycorrhization in the plant, which allows for adequate phosphorus utilization. Due to various their multifunctional aspect, they have a wide range of possible agricultural and biotechnological applications. We should be able to comprehend the biological mechanisms operating below ground in plant systems and their significance in the ecosystem with greater clarity as more research is conducted into the necessary conditions for various SLs in various biological activities.