Fall Avoidance: Motion Parallax Cues and Balance Control Therapy

Abstract

Background: Apart from vision correction, there appears to be a need for a method of increasing the success of balance exercises by using more sensitive methods of detecting postural sway. Methods: Reference to relevant articles from a wide range of sources were used to examine how the well-established theoretical basis for motion parallax phenomena, and the examples of rifle and pistol shooting, can be used to explain the practical application of those principles to balance exercises. Results: An approach to balance enhancement exercises has been developed and a step by step set of instructions have been prepared that enable fall-risk patients to make motion parallax observations which detect small degrees of postural sway, and so allow for appropriate minor corrections to be achieved so that balance is maintained. Conclusions: These instructions provide a mechanism whereby balance can be maintained during balance improvement exercises with associated reduced need for major postural sway corrections which would otherwise risk over-correction and loss of balance. Improved performance during balance exercises may have the potential to promote the development and consolidation of the sensory integration required for maintaining balance outside the remedial balance exercise setting. Apart from helping to build confidence during a variety of balance exercises, these methods of balance control also appear to have relevance as supportive adjuncts to some strength and endurance exercises which are used to improve balance maintenance.