Sun-protective Behaviours among patients with Cutaneous Hyperpigmentation in Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Hyperpigmentation is a dermatologic disorder, and because dermatologic diseases are visible, they have a profound psychological impact on persons who are affected. Aim: To assess the sun protection practices in Saudi Arabia among patients with cutaneous hyperpigmentation. Method: In October 2022, an online cross-sectional study of patients with cutaneous hyperpigmentation was conducted in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected by questionnaire-based survey, which was designed by the researcher after a thorough literature review. Using binary logistic regression analysis, the factors that influence sunscreen use were identified. Results: A total of 418 people took part in this study. More than half (63.6%) of them reported post-inflammation or acne pigmentation. Almost half (49.0%) reported having this health condition for less than a year. Only about half of the patients (45.0%) said they use sunscreen. Approximately 47.0% of sunscreen users reported using sunscreen with a UV protection factor of 21-50. Almost one-third (35.0%) of the patients reported not reapplying sunscreen during the day. Only 4.8% of patients said they frequently use a hat or sunshade while they are outside, and 40.4% said they frequently stay in the shade when they are outside. Male patients were less likely than female patients to apply sunscreen (Odds ratio: 0.80 (95% CI: 0.64-0.99), (p0.05), Conclusion: Saudi hyperpigmentation patients use sunscreen inadequately. Males used sunscreen less than females. Healthcare authorities should conduct an educational campaign to inform this group of patients about their condition and the necessity of sunscreen. Social media should be utilized to educate the public about different types of sunscreens and improve their use of sunscreens to prevent sun-related skin problems. Keywords: Cutaneous Hyperpigmentation; Saudi Arabia; Sunscreen; Sun-protective