HUBUNGAN DISFAGIA DENGAN MALNUTRISI PADA LANJUT USIA : STUDI LITERATUR

Abstract

Background: Dysphagia can lead to a decrease in nutritional status and increased risk of malnutrition in the elderly. The incidence of dysphagia often undetected, especially among the elderly in the community, causes the prevalence of the elderly at risk of dysphagia in the elderly to increase.Objective: The aims of this literature study was to review the latest research related to dysphagia with malnutriton in the elderly. Method: The search for 2011 – 2021 English-language articles was carried out on the PubMed, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and ResearchGate databases using the keyword Dysphagia AND (Nutritional Status OR Malnutrition) AND Elderly and it was found  that 16 articles were selected based on inclusion criteria, including articles with elderly subjects aged ≥65 years in the community, a minimum sample of 50 respondents, a cross sectional and prospective cohort study, analyzed the relationship between variables, and data collection using valid instruments by a trained people.Result: Dysphagia independently had a significant relationship with nutritional status in elderly, could reduce oral food intake and lead to decrease in nutritional status due to nutrient deficiency. It was known that differences in instruments, characteristics and number of samples as well as the timing of malnutrition can affect the relationship between variables. Other factors such as teeth condition, body composition and tongue pressure might also be associated with dysphagia and malnutrition. Conclusion: The existence of a relationship between the two variables found in most of the studies indicates that dysphagia is an important factor that can lead to malnutrition in elderlyKeywords: Elderly; Dysphagia; Malnutrition