Biodegradation of pesticide complex chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin by microorganisms isolated from the Southern Aral Sea region

Abstract

Anthropogenic natural disaster of the Aral Sea and decreasing outflow of rivers Amudarya and Syrdarya caused a number of irreversible changes in soil microbial communities in the Southern Aral Sea region. Common features of these soils is their high salinization, extreme instability of humidity level up to total draught, and high content of different xenobiotics.1,2 Soil borne microorganisms are one of the main factors controlling degradation of xenobiotics in the natural ecosystem and essential bioindicators reflecting changes in soil, which is related to their enormous importance in soil formatting processes. There is possibility of emergence of strains in microbial populations of such soils that are capable to active degradation of pesticides.3,4 Such cultures, undoubtedly, are perspective for rehabilitation of natural environments.5 The approach engaging microorganismsbiodestructors for rehabilitation of soils polluted with agrochemicals has certain efficiency and effectiveness. Indigenous strains of soil borne microorganisms possessing both ability to destroy pesticides and natural resistance to the complex of pollutants and sharp changes of climatic conditions stipulate importance and feasibility of this approach. In these regards, the microbial biota of the Southern Aral Sea region, characterized by extreme natural conditions, was studied. Different microorganisms were isolated and their ability to destroy pesticides was determined.