Determinan Kejadian Kanker Serviks di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin, Provinsi Aceh

Abstract

Abstract Cervical cancer is one of the problem for women around the world. The incidence of cervical cancer in dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital in 2015 was 54 cases, in 2016 there were 272 cases and in 2017 there were 80 cases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of cervical cancer in General Hospital General Hospital of dr. Zainoel Abidin Aceh Province. This type of research is analytic survey using case-control design, the number of samples is taken based on the calculation of Lemeshow formula by calculating the minimum number of samples from the results of other people’s research, so that there are 21 cases, then the researchers make sample comparisons (1:2) 21 cases and 42 controls and sampling methods with accidental sampling. Collecting data on 7 June - 4 July 2018. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data analysis in the form of univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results bivariate analysis between age (p = 0.705, OR = 1.900), education (p = 0.655, OR = 1.467), occupation (p = 1.000, OR = 0.881), parity (p = 0.003, OR = 6.667), sexual behavior (p = 0.001, OR = 17.333), personal hygiene (p = 0.004, OR = 5.958), genetic (p = 0.005, OR = 10.000), oral contraceptives (p = 0.038, OR = 3.864). The results of dominant variables of multivariate analysis is sexual relations behavior with OR = 15.536. In conclusion there is a parity, sexual behavior, personal hygiene, genetics and oral contraception with cervical cancer incidence, while age, education and occupation are not related factors. Variable sexual relations behavior is the dominant factor in the incidence of cervical cancer. Abstrak Kanker serviks menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan bagi perempuan di seluruh dunia. Angka kejadian kanker serviks di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) dr. Zainoel Abidin tahun 2015 sebanyak 54 kasus, tahun 2016 sebanyak 272 kasus dan tahun 2017 sebanyak 80 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab kejadian kanker serviks di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin, Provinsi Aceh. Metode penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain kasus-kontrol, jumlah sampel diambil berdasarkan perhitungan rumus Lemeshow dengan melakukan perhitungan jumlah sampel minimal dari hasil penelitian orang lain, sehingga didapatlah jumlah sampel kasus sebanyak 21 orang, selanjutnya peneliti membuat perbandingan sampel (1:2) yaitu 21 kasus dan 42 kontrol dan cara pengambilan sampel dengan accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data tanggal 7 Juni–4 Juli 2018. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data berupa univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa umur (p=0,705, OR=1,900), pendidikan (p=0,655, OR=1,467), pekerjaan (p=1,000, OR=0,881), paritas (p=0,003, OR=6,667), perilaku hubungan seksual (p=0,001, OR=17,333), personal hygiene (p=0,004, OR=5,958), genetik (p=0,005, OR=10,000), kontrasepsi oral (p=0,038, OR=3,864). Hasil analisis multivariat variabel yang dominan adalah perilaku hubungan seksual dengan OR=15,536. Kesimpulan menunjukkan ada hubungan paritas, perilaku hubungan seksual, personal hygiene, genetik dan kontrasepsi oral dengan kejadian kanker serviks, sedangkan umur, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan bukan faktor yang berhubungan. Variabel perilaku hubungan seksual merupakan faktor dominan kejadian kanker serviks.