Anaesthesia-related Risk Factors in Unwell Patients or Trauma Patients and Anaesthetic Drug Selection: Cats and Dogs

Abstract

DOI : 10.26650/actavet.2019.18013 Safe anaesthesia requires careful monitoring and good knowledge of the effects of various anaesthetic drugs on different organ systems. The safest approach in the anaesthesia of critical patients is to select drugs whose effects are easily reversible and to take great care with the dosage. Deaths occurring in the perioperative period are generally caused due to preexisting diseases, anaesthesic drugs, surgical interventions, or a combination of these factors. Prolonged surgical interventions, hypothermia, fluid loss, and excessive fluid intake are also factors that increase patient deaths. When anaesthetizing an unwell patient, individual requirements are evaluated. Therefore, it is not possible to present a single overall anaesthesia protocol applicable to all patients. There is a series of principles for the administration of anaesthesia to high-risk patients. This review discusses anesthesia administrations required for both diagnostic and surgical interventions in trauma patients and unwell patients. The risk factors and the various complications that may be encountered by clinicians while performing sedation and anaesthesia in such patients and their treatment methods have been explained in detail.