Systemic inflammation factors influence on the risk of detecting signs of cardiovascular calcification in a patient with stage 5D chronic kidney disease

Abstract

   BACKGROUND. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common pathology influencing mortality risk in the world population. Calcification of aorta and heart structures (valves, coronary arteries) is a risk factor for cardiovascular complications. The influence of cytokines, integrin proinflammatory indices, acute phase proteins and other inflammatory factors on the risk of extravasal calcification is promising.   THE AIM: to study the effect of cytokines, integrative proinflammatory indices, acute phase proteins and other inflammatory factors on the risk of extra-osseous calcification.   PATIENTS AND METHODS. A one-stage, cohort study of 85 patients with CKD 5D treated with programmed hemodialysis was conducted. General clinical examination was carried out according to the protocol. Blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined by immunoturbodimetry. A Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) risk index for systemic inflammation was calculated using CRP and plasma albumin concentrations. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-3 (IL-3) were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Blood leukocyte shift index (BLI) was calculated. Echocardioscopy was performed using Doppler mode. The presence of cardiac valve calcification (CAC) was registered, its severity was assessed. To estimate the abdominal aortic calcification, the abdominal radiography was carried out in the left lateral projection. The severity of manifestations of aortic calcification was assessed using the L.I. Kauppilla Calcification Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 12.6. toolkit (StatSoft, USA).   RESULTS. Systemic inflammatory factors negatively affected the severity of cardiovascular calcification. An increased GPS value was found to correlate with the severity of CAC and CSA. In the case of calcification severity analysis considering IL-3 and IL-6 values, it was also shown that high levels of these pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with severe manifestations of anterior aortic wall calcification and aortic calcification at the L3 level. Inclusion of ISLC in the analysis had no effect on the severity of calcification of the aortic wall and no effect on the intensity of cardiac valve calcification in general, the aortic valve and the mitral valve in particular.