Arguing for assistance-based responsibilities: are intuitions enough?

IF 0.5 3区 哲学 Q4 ETHICS
L. Valentini
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Millions of people in our world are in need of assistance: from the global poor, to refugees, from the victims of natural disasters, to those of violent crimes. What are our responsibilities towards them? Christian Barry and Gerhard Øverland’s answer is plausible and straightforward: we have enforceable duties to assist others in need whenever we can do so ‘at relatively moderate cost to ourselves, and others’. Barry and Øverland defend this answer on the ground that it best fits our intuitions in a variety of hypothetical rescue scenarios. I argue that, although Barry and Øverland’s view is intuitively appealing, appeal to intuitive cases is insufficient to vindicate it satisfactorily. Intuitive cases alone do not allow us to establish: (i) what costs count as moderate and (ii) whether assistance-based responsibilities are, in fact, enforceable. These considerations suggest that Barry and Øverland’s defence of their preferred answer to the assistance question may be incomplete.
支持以援助为基础的责任:凭直觉就够了吗?
世界上有数百万人需要帮助:从全球贫困人口到难民,从自然灾害的受害者到暴力犯罪的受害者。我们对他们的责任是什么?克里斯蒂安·巴里和格哈德Øverland给出的答案既合理又直截了当:我们有义务帮助有需要的人,只要我们“对自己和他人付出相对适度的代价”。Barry和Øverland为这个答案辩护的理由是,它最符合我们在各种假设的救援场景中的直觉。我认为,尽管Barry和Øverland的观点在直觉上很有吸引力,但诉诸直观的案例不足以令人满意地证明其正确性。仅凭直观的案例并不能使我们确定:(i)什么成本算适度,(ii)基于援助的责任实际上是否具有可执行性。这些考虑表明,Barry和Øverland对他们对援助问题的首选答案的辩护可能是不完整的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
22 weeks
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