Manifestations of the Epidemic Process of Tuberculosis among HIV-infected in Comparison with the General Population

V. Sergevnin, O. V. Tukacheva
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Abstract

Relevance. The incidence of HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV/TB) continues to rise.The aim of the work is to study the manifestations of the epidemic process of TB in HIV-infected people in comparison with a general population.Materials and methods. The manifestations of TB incidence were studied among people living with HIV and HIV-negative population of the Perm Region and the Russian Federation for the period 2005–2021. The incidence of HIV/TB was calculated relative to all residents of the study area, the incidence of TB among HIV-infected - relative to the number of PLHIV, the incidence of TB among HIV-negative – relative to the total number of residents minus PLHIV. Comparative assessment of morbidity rates was carried out by calculating Students parametric test.Results. The epidemic process of TB among HIV-infected people was in ten times more intensive than among HIVnegative people. The increase in the incidence of HIV/TB has been observed in recent years (2005–2021) against the background of the intensification of the epidemic process of HIV infection and a decrease in the incidence TB in the absence of HIV infection. TB among HIV-infected and HIV-negative people was registered more often among adults than children, and mainly among men. The ncidence of HIV-infected TB was higher among the urban population, while the intensity of the epidemic process of TB among HIV-negative, on the contrary, is higher among rural residents. In recent years, there has been a redistribution of the incidence of HIV/TB towards older age groups of population.
艾滋病毒感染者与普通人群结核病流行过程的比较研究
的相关性。艾滋病毒相关结核病(HIV/TB)的发病率继续上升。这项工作的目的是研究结核在艾滋病毒感染者中与一般人群相比的流行过程的表现。材料和方法。研究了2005-2021年期间彼尔姆地区和俄罗斯联邦艾滋病毒感染者和艾滋病毒阴性人群中结核病发病率的表现。计算了HIV/TB的发病率相对于研究区域的所有居民,HIV感染者的结核病发病率相对于HIV感染者的数量,HIV阴性者的结核病发病率相对于HIV阴性居民的总数。通过计算学生参数检验对发病率进行比较评估。结核病在艾滋病毒感染者中的流行过程比在艾滋病毒阴性人群中的流行要激烈十倍。近年来(2005-2021年),在艾滋病毒感染流行进程加剧的背景下,艾滋病毒/结核病发病率有所上升,而在没有艾滋病毒感染的情况下,结核病发病率有所下降。在艾滋病毒感染者和艾滋病毒阴性者中,成人患结核病的比例高于儿童,而且主要是男性。艾滋病毒感染结核病的发病率在城市人群中较高,而结核病在艾滋病毒阴性人群中的流行过程强度在农村人群中较高。近年来,艾滋病毒/结核病发病率向年龄较大的人群重新分布。
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