Emergent Surgical Treatment Results of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Objective: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic gastrointestinal system diseases of which the etiology is unknown, and where environmental and genetic factors are influential. Among IBD cases, it has been reported that approximately 1/5 of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 4/5 of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) require surgical intervention. In this study, we retrospectively investigated and presented 14 cases diagnosed as IBD and urgently operated, which are rarely reported in the literature. Material and Method: We retrospectively evaluated who underwent bowel surgery for IBD. A total of 14 who underwent surgical resection of bowel with colectomy or/and segmental small bowel resection due to IBD lesions. Data were collected form Istanbul Ekin Private Pathology Laboratory and Çanakkale State Hospital were enrolled the study. Results: Of the 14 cases that were urgently operated, four (28.6%) were female, ten (71.4%) were male, and the mean age was 45.2. One of the cases (7.1%) was operated due to fistula, three (21.5%) due to perforation and ten (71.4%) due to obstruction. When the histopathological diagnosis of the cases was examined, it was seen that one case (7.1%) was CD+adenocarcinoma, one case (7.1%) was itestinal tuberculosis (tbc), and twelve cases (85.8%) were CD. Conclusion: Based on clinical and histopathological diagnosis, treatment in IBD cases should be regulated according to the localization and severity of the disease and the presence of complications. Surgical treatment should be preferred in IBD cases with inflammation despite medical treatments if remission cannot be achieved, complications such as obstruction/fistula occur, or neoplastic lesions are present.