THE INFLUENCE OF NaCl-INDUCED STRESS ON THE GROWTH AND VOLATILE PROFILE OF CURCUMA LONGA L. LEAVES

Abstract

Herein, for the first time, the influence of salt-induced stress on the vegetative growth and the volatile profile of Curcuma longa L. leaves was investigated. C. longa was grown in a quarter-strength Hoagland’s solution to which NaCl was added to give four final concentrations: 0 (control), 25, 50 or 75 mM NaCl. In the case of the plants grown in the 25 mM NaCl medium, leaf biomass production was the same as in the control experiment, but it decreased significantly at higher salinities (50 mM and 75 mM NaCl). The volatile constituents of the leaves were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential-oil yield (calculated on the basis of dry weight) was 2.0% for the control plants, and increased at low-to-medium NaCl concentrations (2.5% and 2.8% for the 25 and 50 mM NaCl media, respectively). Contrary to that, the essential-oil yield decreased (1.6%) in the case of plants grown in the 75 mM NaCl medium. The major volatile constituents of C. longa leaves were identified as: α-phellandrene (38.3-42.4%; more than one third of the total oil), terpinene-4-ol (5.6-10.5%), geraniol (5.6-7.9%), p-cymene (5.2-9.6%), α-thujene (4.5-7.3%), β-sesquiphellandrene (4.8-6.8%), β-myrcene (2.6-3.8%) and α-bisabolol (1.5-2.7%). UTICAJ STRESA IZAZVANOG POVECANIM SALINITETOM HRANLJIVOG MEDIJUMA NA PRODUKCIJU I ISPARLJIVI PROFIL LISTOVA BILJNE VRSTE Curcuma longa L. U ovom radu je po prvi put ispitivan uticaj stresa izazvanog povecanim salinitetom hranljivog medijuma na rast i isparljivi profil listova biljne vrste Curcuma longa L. C. longa je gajena na cetvorostruko razblaženom Holandovom rastvoru u koji su dodate razlicite kolicine natrijum-hlorida, takve da njegova konacna koncentracija bude 0 (kontrola), 25, 50 ili 75 mM. Produkcija biomase listova u slucaju biljaka gajenih u hranljivom medijumu u kom je koncentracija NaCl bila 25 mM se nije razlikovala od one kod kontrolnog uzorka. Međutim, rast listova je bio znacajno smanjen u slucaju podloga sa visim vrednostima saliniteta (50 i 75 mM NaCl). Isparljivi sastojci listova su izolovani hidrodestilacijom i analizirani pomocu GC i GC/MS metoda. Prinos etarskog ulja je u slucaju kontrolnog uzorka bio 2,0%, a povecan je bio kod biljaka gajenih u 25 i 50 mM NaCl medijumima (2,5 i 2,8%). Nasuprot tome, prinos etarskog ulja se smanjio (1,6%) u slucaju biljaka gajenih u 75 mM NaCl medijumu. Glavni isparljivi sastojci listova vrste C. longa bili su α-felandren (38,3-42,4%; vise od jedne trecine ukupnog ulja), terpinen-4-ol (5,6-10,5%), geraniol (5,6-7,9%), p-cimen (5,2-9,6%), α-tujen (4,5-7,3%), β-seskvifelandren (4,8-6,8%), β-mircen (2,6-3,8%) i α-bisabolol (1,5-2,7%). HIGHLIGHTS Salt-induced stress influencesthe vegetative growth and the volatile profile of Curcuma longa L. leaves The volatile constituents of the leaves were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS The major volatiles of C. longa leaves were α-phellandrene, terpinene-4-ol, geraniol, p-cymene, α-thujene, β-sesquiphellandrene and β-myrcene.