Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Antimicrobial Activity Against Common Oral Pathogens of Cyanthillium Cinereum - An Invitro Study

Abstract

Background: Cyanthillium cinereum known as Poovamkurunilla in Tamil is one among the traditional medicinal plants which has proven properties. Aim: Hence, this study is aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of Cyanthillium cinereum in two groups. Methodology: The oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis and C. albicans were used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of Cyanthillium cinereum in two groups(Group 1 - Aqueous extract of C.Cinereum leaves; Group 2 – C.Cinereum whole plant using agar well diffusion method at various concentrations that ranges from 25 µL, 50 µL and 100 µL. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using protein denaturation assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23. Independent t test and One-way ANOVA were used for measure between group analysis and Repeated measures ANOVA were used for measure within group analysis. Results: Increasing the concentration increases the response too against oral microbes. Group 1 shows better antimicrobial properties than group 2. Statistically significant differences were found on all concentrations taken into consideration. Whereas both the groups show equal anti-inflammatory activity when compared with diclofenac. Statistically significant difference was found on all comparisons except Group 1 versus Group 2 in all the concentrations (p=0.358). Conclusion: The study revealed that C.Cinereum leaves exhibit strong antimicrobial activity against oral microbes except Candida albicans. Both Group 1 and Group 2 exhibit better anti-inflammatory activity than standard values. Further it has to be tested for its cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity for future usage of Cyanthillium cinereum in applications in the pharmaceutical industry.