SENSITIZATION TO MOLECULAR COMPONENTS OF HOUSE-DUST MITE ALLERGEN DER P1 AND DER P2 IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Objectives. To establish the molecular profile of sensitization to individual components of the house dust mite allergen (Der p1 and Der p2) in children of Grodno region (Republic of Belarus). Material and methods. We examined 61 children aged from 4 to 17 years with symptoms of allergy associated with house dust mite. sIgE antibodies to the house dust mite allergen components Der p1 and Der p2 were determined by the ImmunoCAP method. Results. sIgE antibodies to at least one molecule of the house dust mite allergen Der p1 and/or Der p 2 were detected in 83.6% of children. sIgE antibodies to Der p1 were found in 75.4% of children, and to Der p2 - in 70.5% of children. sIgE antibodies simultaneously to two molecular components of the dust mite (Der p1 + Der p2) were detected in 62.3% of children. With age, the ratio of Der p1 and Der p2 changes towards the prevalence of Der p2 (p=0.02). It has been found that 9.8% of children have IgE-recognizing Der p1, but not Der p 2, and 6.5% of children have IgE-recognizing Der p2, but not Der p 1. In 16.4% of children with sensitization to a house dust mite no sIgE antibodies to Der p1 and Der p2 were detected. The frequency of sensitization to Der p1 and Der p 2, depending on the degree of skin reactivity, established by the results of skin prick tests with water-salt extracts of house dust mite was as follows: «+» 31.25% and 31.25%, «++» 91,17% and 85.29%, «+++» 80% and 60%, respectively. 9.8% of children with negative skin prick test results (but increased level of sIgE to house dust mite extract) were Der p1-, Der p2- and Der p1 + Der p2-positive in 100% of cases. Conclusions. The allergenic components of house dust mite Der p1 and Der p2 are major in children of Grodno region. A component-resolved diagnostic approach to clarify the profiles of IgE-mediated reactivity in patients with allergy associated with house dust mite will allow to improve and to optimize the therapeutic and diagnostic tactics of managing such patients.