A Case of Severe Mushroom Poisoning With Russula subnigricans

Abstract

Mushroom poisoning with Russula subnigricans can lead to severe rhabdomyolysis. Here we describe a case of severe mushroom poisoning that resulted in severe rhabdomyolysis with acute kidney injury, hypotension, and shock 12 h after oral ingestion of R. subnigricans . The patient’s serum myoglobin was 6,475 ng/mL and his creatine phosphokinase (CK) level was 38,100 IU/L on admission. Although aggressive fluid resuscitation and on-line hemodiafiltration (OHDF) were initiated, vascular permeability and shock failed to improve. Continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) and OHDF was repeated, but their effects were limited. He later developed generalized edema, and his weight increased from 55 kg to 72.5 kg within 4 days. On day 5, his CK level reached 203,800 IU/L. He died 160 h after oral ingestion of R. subnigricans . CHDF and OHDF filter out circulating myoglobin, potassium, and some toxic substances released due to muscle cell disruption. Although OHDF was performed nearly 24 h a day in our patient, it failed to remove toxic intracellular components from muscle cells due to the severe R. subnigricans mushroom poisoning in this case.