The effects of ageing process on the release of arsenic into soil pore water and related phytotoxicity assessed based on seed germination

IF 1.4 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE
A. Dradrach, Natalia Jędroszka, Katarzyna Szopka, Daniel Pruchniewicz, A. Karczewska
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Phytotoxic effects caused by soil contaminants depend both on their total concentrations and also on their forms, in particular those that can be easily released into soil pore water. The contaminants introduced into soil in water soluble forms undergo various transformations referred to as “ageing” which causes reduction of their solubility and toxicity. In this study, we examined the dynamics of such changes under controlled conditions in an incubation experiment. Two relatively light soils, differing in texture (loamy sand and sandy loam), and brought to three various pH ranges, were spiked with water solution of sodium arsenate to obtain different soil concentrations of As, up to 1000 mg·kg –1 . The soils were incubated at constant moisture (80% of water holding capacity) for three months. The changes in water extractability of As over time were examined. The phytotoxicity of As was assessed based on the reduction of germination, using the seeds of two different plant species: white mustard and red fescue. We found that the process of As immobilization in light mineral soils, poor in organic matter, proceeded quickly, and the concentrations of water-soluble As in these soils dropped signi fi cantly within one week. The dynamics of those changes depended on soil properties and pH, and As immobilization was most e ffi cient under acidic conditions. There were no signi fi cant differences between the toxicity of As to both plant species examined, as measured in the germination test. The effective concentration of soluble As in soil, resulting in a 50% reduction in the number of germinated seeds, was assessed at about 100 mg·kg –1 . The results provide a reference base for further experiments with spiked soils, and will be used in examination of As binding mechanisms in soils.
老化过程对土壤孔隙水中砷释放的影响及基于种子萌发的相关植物毒性评价
土壤污染物引起的植物毒性作用既取决于它们的总浓度,也取决于它们的形式,特别是那些容易释放到土壤孔隙水中的污染物。以水溶性形式进入土壤的污染物经过各种被称为“老化”的转化,导致其溶解度和毒性降低。在这项研究中,我们在孵育实验中检查了这种变化在受控条件下的动力学。将质地不同的两种相对较轻的土壤(壤土和砂质壤土)置于三个不同的pH范围内,加入砷酸钠水溶液,得到不同的土壤砷浓度,最高可达1000 mg·kg -1。土壤在恒定水分(80%的保水能力)下孵育3个月。考察了砷的水萃取性随时间的变化。利用白芥菜和红羊茅两种不同植物的种子,通过降低发芽率来评估砷的植物毒性。结果表明,在有机质含量较低的轻矿质土壤中,砷的固定化过程进展迅速,水溶性砷在1周内浓度显著下降。这些变化的动态取决于土壤性质和pH值,在酸性条件下固定化效果最好。在发芽试验中,砷对两种植物的毒性没有显著差异。土壤中可溶性砷的有效浓度约为100 mg·kg -1,可使发芽种子数量减少50%。研究结果为进一步的尖刺土试验提供了参考依据,并将用于研究砷在土壤中的结合机制。
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来源期刊
Soil Science Annual
Soil Science Annual SOIL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
6.70%
发文量
0
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: Soil Science Annual journal is a continuation of the “Roczniki Gleboznawcze” – the journal of the Polish Society of Soil Science first published in 1950. Soil Science Annual is a quarterly devoted to a broad spectrum of issues relating to the soil environment. From 2012, the journal is published in the open access system by the Sciendo (De Gruyter).
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