Lipid Peroxidation Processes in Loach Embryos under the Effect of Microwave Radiation

Abstract

Various physical and chemical factors influence leads to disruption of pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems. Interaction between electromagnetic field and living cell and organism are complicated and is currently obscure. Well known that embryonic objects are sensitive to the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF EMR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of microwave radiation on free radical processes changes in loach embryos. The experiment has been carried out on loach embryos ( Misgurnus fossilis L.). Zygotes were exposed to microwave radiation created by electromagnetic wave (EMW) generator and immedi-ately after fertilization (5, 10 and 20 minutes exposure). EMW generator with 0,00197 mW/cm 2 energy intensity was in a distance of 3 centimeters above the Petri dishes. In selected samples determined the intensity of lipid peroxidation process by the content of secondary product of lipid peroxidation by Timirbulatov method. Quantitation of total protein content in the membrane preparation was determined by Lowry method. Statistical processing of experimental data was carried out by two-way analysis of variance. The results of recent studies indicate that microwave radiation leads to significant activation of free radical processes. Current data indicates that effect of radiofrequency EMR at 5, 10 to 20 minutes duration causes reduction of lipid peroxidation at early stages of embryos development. It was established that in the early hours of germs microwave radiation at 5 minutes leads to significant increasing of MDA level by 16,5±3,5 %, but on stage 16 blastomers there were tendency to the elevation as compared to control (P > 0.05). However, on stage 64, 256 and 1024 blastomers was found significant decreasing of MDA level by 21–31 % under the effect of RF EMR at 5 minutes duration. Same tendency in MDA level changes observed under the action of 10 min exposure of low-intensity microwave radiation. Higher exposure of radiofrequency EMR (20 minutes) leads to a significant decrease in MDA levels by 26–42 % on stage 2, 16, 64 and 256 blastomers compared with the control. However, 20 minutes exposure leads to not confidentially significant MDA level changes at the last stage of synchronous divisions of blastomers (X division, 330 minutes). Analysis of variance results specify the significant EMR influence at 20 minute on lipid peroxidation indexes (59,6 %). The results suggested that the influence of low-intensity microwave radiation (1850 MHz) leads to disruption of lipoperoxidation processes. Further studies on the effects of radiofrequency EMR on the enzyme activity of antioxidant defense system of loach embryos are needed.