Arthrose et microbiote intestinal

Abstract

The role of the intestinal microbiota within a “gut–joint” axis is increasingly studied in osteoarthritis. The intestinal microbiota, particularly via its role in low-grade systemic inflammation, could be involved in joint destruction and osteoarthritic pain. Its mechanisms of action in osteoarthritis remain complex, with, on the one hand, a direct action of intestinal dysbiosis on osteoarthritis involving systemic inflammation, and, on the other hand, an indirect effect via the promotion of metabolic syndrome and obesity. The published works in mice have mainly focused on the role of the intestinal microbiota in joint destruction in metabolic models of osteoarthritis. In humans, works have focused on indirect markers of the gut microbiota, such as lipopolysaccharide, or metabolites, such as tryptophan-derived ones. Also, intestinal dysbiosis could be one of the explanatory factors of osteoarthritic pain. A better understanding of the role of the intestinal microbiota in osteoarthritis could lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets.