The Importance of Proper Dam Maintenance Due to the Increase of Torrential Floods in the Face of Climate Change

Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.4018/978-1-7998-8459-0.ch009

Vesela Tanaskovic Gassner

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Abstract

In this chapter, the author discusses the importance of mitigation and adaptation actions needed to be taken from an environmental and engineering standpoint in regards to dams, reservoirs they form, the river basins they serve, and how this can benefit these systems in the future. One of the main problems identified for the mid-21st century will be the availability of fresh water. Currently, appx. 20% of the world's freshwater is stored in manmade reservoirs. However, these reservoirs sediment over time. This “sediment phenomena'' adversely affects the water volume in reservoirs and their sustainable maintenance, potentially jeopardizing water supply and lives. To answer the “sediment phenomena,'' this chapter will explore a new approach to a no less devastating problem of land degradation, developed at the Technical University of Vienna. In the Balkan region, sediments are mostly composed of alluvial soil, decomposing organic matter, and sands, making them indeed a perfect soil amendment for degraded lands and barren topsoil terrains destroyed during torrential floods and landslides.

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面对气候变化，由于特大洪水的增加，适当的水坝维护的重要性

在本章中，作者讨论了从环境和工程的角度出发，需要采取的缓解和适应行动的重要性，这些行动涉及水坝、水库、所服务的流域，以及这些行动如何在未来使这些系统受益。21世纪中期确定的主要问题之一将是淡水的供应。目前,附录。世界上20%的淡水储存在人工水库中。然而，这些水库随着时间的推移而沉积。这种“沉积物现象”对水库的水量及其可持续维护产生不利影响，可能危及供水和生命。为了回答“泥沙现象”，本章将探索一种新的方法来解决同样具有破坏性的土地退化问题，该方法由维也纳技术大学开发。在巴尔干地区，沉积物主要由冲积土、分解有机质和沙子组成，这使得它们确实是一种完美的土壤改良剂，可以修复因洪水和山体滑坡而遭到破坏的退化土地和贫瘠的表土地形。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies

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